2023-2024学年重庆市高三（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
第一部分听力做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（1.5分）What is the girl looking for？
A.Her school bag.
B.Her pencil.
C.Her pencil﹣box.
2．（1.5分）How many people were injured in the accident？
A.A baby.
B.Three women.
C.None.
3．（1.5分）What do we know about the man？
A.He wants to get a new position.
B.He is asking the woman for help.
C.He has left the woman a good impression.
4．（1.5分）What does the man mean？
A.He can't afford the new car.
B.His friend has bought the car for him.
C.He has already made the down payment on the car.
5．（1.5分）How does the woman go to Philadelphia probably？
A.By car.
B.By taxi.
C.By subway.
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．（4.5分）（1）What is Vinnie Jones？
A.He used to be a soccer player for Wimbledon.
B.He is famous in America but not in Britain.
C.He is a famous British singer.
（2）How about the woman？
A.She is interested in Vinnie Jones.
B.She knows more about Vinnie Jones.
C.She doesn't like the films starred by Vinnie Jones.
（3）Where does the conversation take place？
A.In Britain.
B.In the USA.
C.In China.
7．（4.5分）（1）What did the woman do last weekend？
A.She relaxed at the beach.
B.She visited her parents.
C.She prepared for a paper.
（2）Why did the woman come home so soon？
A.She had an appointment.
B.She had work to do.
C.She was invited only for the weekend.
（3）What did the woman think of running in the wet sand near the water？
A.Difficult.
B.Easy.
C.Terrible.
8．（4.5分）（1）What was Jane's grandmother when she was young？
A.She was a writer.
B.She was an actress.
C.She was a doctor.
（2）How many people are there in Jane's family？
A.Four.
B.Five.
C.Seven.
（3）Where is the garden？
A.It's behind the house.
B.It's in front of the house.
C.It's near the bridge.
9．（4.5分）（1）Why do the woman and her husband want to spend the weekend outside？
A.To have a long trip.
B.To relax themselves.
C.To visit friends.
（2）What doesn't the man advise the woman to do at the sea？
A.To have a good sleep on the soft sand.
B.To play volleyball on the beach.
C.To enjoy the sunshine on the sand.
（3）Who would most probably make the final decision？
A.The travel agency.
B.The woman.
C.The woman's husband.
10．（4.5分）（1）What kind of person did Clemente's parents want him to be？
A.Independent and honorable.
B.Honest and kind.
C.Friendly and selfless.
（2）Which team did Clemente play for as a professional player？
A.Nine professional teams.
B.The Brooklyn Dodgers.
C.A city team.
（3）What happened to Clemente in the end？
A.He died in an air accident.
B.He brought the supplies to people in Nicaragua.
C.He was killed in an earthquake.
第二部分 阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A Color Run at School
What Is a Color Run？
The event is usually a 5 K untimed run.Participants are doused（浇涂上） from head to toe in a different colored powder at each kilometer mark.This activity inspired by the Hindu festival of Holi is perfect for promoting community and happiness.
A color run is a fun event perfect for schools.As the kids jog through the route，their white T﹣shirts turn rainbow colors.It is a way to promote health and activity among children.Schools can choose whether they want to host a color run by themselves or have one organized by an event organizer.
Why Should I Take Part in a Color Run？
Taking part in a color run will help you improve your overall physical health.It's a great way to burn calories and get out.You will also be able to meet new people.
How to Set Up a School Color Run？
To set up a school Color Run，you will first need to decide what time you want it to start.Then，you will need to contact the principal at your school.They will then tell you if there is enough space available at the named location.You will need to inform the class teachers and include information in the student handbook.Next，you should contact the parents/guardians of the students at the school through a mailed letter or email.With everything listed above completed，you will have your event organized and ready to go!
（1）What do we know about a Color Run？ 　 　
A.It sets no time limit.
B.It used to be a part of Holi.
C.It's designed for schools only.
D.It sees runners covered from head to toe.
（2）What benefit may kids get from a school color run？ 　 　
A.Better physical health.
B.Prize money from the race.
C.Friendship with the principal.
D.T﹣shirts with a rainbow pattern.
（3）What's the purpose of the text？ 　 　
A.To advertise.
B.To inform.
C.To entertain.
D.To criticize.
12．（10分） Good news，coffee lovers：Your daily cup of Joe might be doing good to your heart，namely by helping to reduce the risk of heart failure，suggest the findings of a new study.In an analysis of data from three large studies on the topic，researchers found that those who reported drinking one or more cups of caffeinated （含咖啡因的） coffee a day had "a related decreased long﹣term heart failure risk".
For the report published in Circulation：Heart Failure，researchers used machine learning to examine data from a large study from the Framingham Heart Study，referencing this data against two other studies. "Each study included at least 10 years of follow﹣up，and altogether the studies provided information on more than 21，000 U.S.adult participants，" researchers said.
When analyzing the Framingham Heart Study，researchers noted that when compared to non﹣coffee drinkers，coffee drinkers' risk of heart failure decreased by 5% to 12% for each cup they drank each day.As for decaffeinated coffee，researchers noted that it did，not have the same benefits as caffeinated coffee，with one study suggesting that decaffeinated coffee may have an opposite effect.
Dr.David Kao，senior study author，said in a statement， "The relation between caffeine and heart failure risk reduction was surprising.Coffee and caffeine are often considered by the general population to be 'bad' for the heart because people relate them to health problems like palpitations，high blood pressure，etc.The relationship between increasing caffeine consumption and decreasing heart failure risk turns that thought on its head."
"However，there is not yet enough clear evidence to prove that increasing coffee consumption can decrease the risk of heart disease with the same strength and certainty as stopping smoking，losing weight，or exercising，" Kao noted.The researchers also warned that the findings only focused on black coffee，that is，plain coffee，without added sugar and high﹣fat dairy products such as cream.
（1）What's the finding of the new study？ 　 　
A．The number of heart failure cases has decreased gradually.
B．Coffee can help lower the possibility of heart failure.
C．Caffeine does harm to people's health.
D．Coffee helps cure heart disease.
（2）How did researchers achieve their finding？ 　 　
A．By searching online for detailed information.
B．By interviewing experts about their opinions.
C．By conducting surveys among young adults.
D．By comparing data from long﹣term studies.
（3）What can directly affect the result of the study？ 　 　
A．The brand of coffee.
B．The age of the subjects.
C．The addition of caffeine to coffee.
D．The amount of coffee consumption.
（4）What is Dr.Kao's attitude towards the result？ 　 　
A．Indifferent.
B．Positive.
C．Curious.
D．Careful.
13．（10分） It is summer，and the living is comfortable.For many Americans，this is the season to travel.Why？Because school has finished；the weather is great，and most of all，we all deserve a break.When Americans want to take a break，they often head for their favourite vacation spot.
Throughout their history，Americans have been people on the move.Hundreds of years ago，the early immigrants had to travel to get to the New World.Once they arrived，they settled along the East Coast.But they weren't content to stay there.Explorers and traders journeyed to the unknown western areas.Later，settlers moved west to develop these new regions.As a result of this westward migration，Americans eventually occupied the whole mainland — from the Atlantic to the Pacific.Even today，Americans seem unable to stay put.Research says that the average American moves every five years.
Besides their habit of changing living places，Americans are used to travelling.Some people often go out on business.Their jobs may require them to take frequent business trips.Most companies provide an annual vacation for their employees，and people often use that time to travel.Some people just visit friends or relatives in different states.Others go on weekend trips that don't cost a lot of money.Those with more expensive tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels.
Most Americans prefer to travel within their own nation's borders.Why？For one thing，it's cheaper than travelling abroad，and for another，there's no language problem.What's more，the vast American territory offers different kinds of tourist attractions.Nature lovers can enjoy beaches，mountains，lakes and a wealth of natural wonders.Major cities offer visitors a lot of urban delights.The convenience of modern freeways，railways and airplanes makes travel in America as easy as pie.
Many American vacations are as unique as the people who take them.Families often go on a journey with the kids.More and more family﹣friendly vacation resorts offer special programs for children.History lovers seek out famous historical sites and museums.Environmentalists prefer "green vacations".These trips allow them to observe plants and animals closely without disturbing the balance of nature.Some people find sea cruises relaxing and refreshing.Others enjoy their trips by fishing，skiing or white﹣water rafting.
Americans aren't the only people in the world who like travelling around.People all over the world enjoy visiting scenic spots in their own country and going abroad to travel.But in America，almost everybody is a tourist sometime.
（1）This passage is mainly about 　 　.
A．American immigrants in history
B．some famous resorts in America
C．Americans' love for travelling
D．some special people in America
（2）Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　 　
A．Americans are content to stay at the place where they are living now.
B．The American immigrants moved from the east to the western areas.
C．Americans are used to changing living places，but they don't like travelling around.
D．Most Americans prefer to go abroad to travel.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the reason why Americans prefer travelling in their own country？ 　 　
A．Travelling abroad is more expensive.
B．People in America speak different languages.
C．The traffic in America is very convenient.
D．The vast American territory offers different kinds of tourist attractions.
（4）Which word can describe the author's attitude towards Travel of American Style？ 　 　
A．Indifferent
B．Doubtful
C．Concerned
D．Uncaring
14．（10分）The next time San Francisco residents stop a taxi，they may step into a car with no one behind the wheel.Driverless taxis are now allowed to come on the city's streets.On June 2，2022，Cruise，a division of General Motors（GM），was approved to charge for rides in its self﹣driving cars，becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.
Though Cruise is regarding it as a big win，its self﹣driving cars aren't totally free to run on the streets of San Francisco as they please.Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m.and 6 a.m.The speed limit is 30 mph.They are also not allowed to operate in heavy rain or fog.The rules are meant to reduce any injuries or accidents.
Cruise plans to launch the service gradually with a team of just 30 cars.The first robot axis will be improved versions of GM's Chevrolet Bolt.However，the company is seeking approval to get its custom﹣built Cruise Origin on public roads.The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals （踏板）and can attain highway speeds.The car cosists mostly of a sitting space，where passengers can face each other.
Cruise's ability to obtain the commercial permit to operate is a big step forward.However，the company still has to convince passengers that its technology is safe.Many remain concerned about safety.A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self﹣driving vehicle.
It remains to be seen how the new driverless taxi experiment will play out in San Francisco.But based on the vast number of companies that are racing to develop self﹣driving vehicles and the tens of thousands of people on waitlists for robotaxi rides，the Cruise pioneering program is at least set for popularity，if not success.
（1）What can we learn about the Cruise's driverless ride services？ 　 　
A.The services have turned out to be a great success.
B.The services receive great support from the public.
C.The services have run in some major cities of the USA.
D.The services are limited to some regions of San Francisco.
（2）What does the author describe in detail in paragraph 3？ 　 　
A.The feature of Cruise Origin.
B.The future of self﹣driving cars.
C.The original plan of the company.
D.The new version of Chevrolet Bolt.
（3）What is the attitude of most Americans towards the self﹣driving taxis？ 　 　
A.Doubtful.
B.Opposed.
C.Favourable.
D.Unconcemned.
（4）What can be the best title of the text？ 　 　
A.Cruise Offers Free Self﹣driving Ride Services.
B.Self﹣driving Cars Are Coming to San Francisco.
C.Self﹣driving Vehicles Are Popular in Major Cities.
D.Companies Begin to Charge for Rides in Self﹣driving Cars.
第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（12.5分）
Mental Health Crisis Among Teens Demands a New Approach
Since the CDC released its survey results last month showing alarmingly high rates of sadness and depressive thoughts among teens，fingers have been pointed from two sides at the causes of this crisis.（1）　 　.Others say that today's more secular（世俗的）culture has confused our most vulnerable young people.But neither side seems to grasp the true urgency of the issue.
According to the CDC's findings，more than one in five of the 17，000 high school students surveyed reported mental breakdown.Their rates of sadness and hopelessness are the highest in a decade，reflecting an increasing trend exacerbated by society's isolation（隔离）and stress. （2）　 　.
Parents as well as teachers and others who have direct contact with children must accept this preventive approach.It is crucial that they not be afraid to ask direct questions about depressive thoughts. （3）　 　.It is also especially important that parents understand what help is available to their children.
（4）　 　.For example，we can demand equity equality，which means insurance coverage（保险范围）for behavioral illnesses health issues that is for physical ，thus reducing the financial burden.We can also urge our congressmen to fund health programs and expand mental health professions. （5）　 　.Put the politics aside.There are lives in the balance.
A．And they should resist the false idea that raising a question creates a risk that was not there before.B．This means that we must put aside our disagreements and approach this issue as a matter of life and death.C．Some have argued that the climate issue has created an existential threat and accompanying anxiety.D．Hospitalization may also be appropriate when the person in question shows an immediate danger to themselves.E．At the macro（宏观的）level，our country can do so much more to help people struggling with mental health problems and their families.F．It's time to stop blaming and turn our attention to this generation of struggling teenagers.G．It's time for those who have the power to amplify（放大）their voices and drive change to focus on helping teenagers and families access the help they need.
第三部分 语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．（15分） In 1968 a grave dating from about 1100 was uncovered near Hattula，in Finland，Little remained of the occupant's skeleton，but the inhumation included two swords and a knife.Such grave goods would normally suggest said occupant was a man.The skeleton was， （1）　 　 also decorated with brooches （胸针） and woollen clothing of types more usually worn at the time by women.This （2）　 　 guess that the burial was actually of a powerful woman，possibly a local ruler in her own right rather than just the wife of a male king.
This would be noteworthy enough.But a re﹣examination of the remains，just published in the European Journal of Archaeology by Ulla Moilanen of the University of Turku and Elina Salmela of the University of Helsinki，suggests the truth may be yet more （3）　 　.Ms.Moilanen and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual （4）　 　 may have had outward characteristics of both a man and a woman.
In 1968 working out the （5）　 　 of a skeleton in an ancient grave was tricky.After years of deterioration，the bones of men and women look pretty much （6）　 　.But that was before the use of DNA became possible.So Ms.Moilanen and Dr Salmela thought it worth trying again.
Most people have two sex chromosomes （染色体）：XX in women and XY in men.Find DNA from a Y﹣chromosome in a skeleton and the chances are the body was （7）　 　.And，looking at a fragment of femur brought to her by Ms.Moilanen，who is the archaeologist in the （8）　 　，Dr.Salmela，who is the geneticist，did indeed find such DNA.But not much of it.That led her to wonder about contamination （污染），but also to consider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n） （9）　 　 X﹣chromosome that was swamping the signal from the Y.
Having an abnormal number of sex chromosomes is rare，but not vanishingly so.The particular （10）　 　 XXY leads to what is known as Klinefelter's syndrome.To determine the occupant's karyotype （染色体组型） from the tiny amount of DNA available，Dr.Salmela drew （11）　 　 with living people.The grave delivered 8，329 pieces，so she used a computer to draw samples of similar size from the genomes of living people with various karyotypes，including XXY，and also from mixtures of both sexes，to （12）　 　 contamination.She then compared these with the DNA from the grave and （13）　 　 it was 99.75% probable the individual concerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrome.
While Dr Salmela was working all this out，Ms.Moilanen and her team had another look at the grave.They confirmed that it was a （14）　 　 burial.For instance，they found evidence of fine furs，probably from foxes.Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being，but what led to that （15）　 　 in a world then dominated by male values is a matter of puzzle.Perhaps the person came from a family powerful enough for such things not to matter.
（1）A.therefore B.what's more C.nevertheless D.for instance
（2）A.intensified B.confirmed C.dismissed D.encouraged
（3）A.complicated B.engaging C.unpleasant D.frightening
（4）A.in question B.at large C.by comparison D.with doubt
（5）A.composition B.age C.sex D.origin
（6）A.distinct B.unidentified C.alike D.broken
（7）A.female B.old C.young D.male
（8）A.cooperation B.authority C.institute D.adventure
（9）A.restored B.extra C.missing D.dominant
（10）A.requirement B.interest C.combination D.emphasis
（11）A.inspirations B.lessons C.inferences D.comparisons
（12）A.eliminate B.monitor C.imitate D.generate
（13）A.rejected B.concluded C.recalled D.confessed
（14）A.high﹣status B.secret C.religious D.peaceful
（15）A.conclusion B.evidence C.respect D.solution
第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．（15分） Two things I did may have caused people（1）　 　 （think） that something is wrong with me.The first was when my wife asked me to have the sitting﹣room clock（2）　 　（repair）.I drove into the market place of our little town and，clock under arm，entered a shop.Only it was the meat shop.（3）　 　 my thoughts far away，I stood staring into the shop﹣keeper's eyes.I had been his customer for a long time and the good man smiled at me.
This went on for several very long seconds before I realized where I was.（4）　 　is no doubt that I should have calmly bought a pound of meat，（5）　 　I merely nodded briefly and left.
The other man in my town who probably thinks I am mad is Mr.Smith.Some years ago he was manager of Mead's Shop，and he and I knew each other quite well.One day he（6）　 　 （stand） in the doorway of his shop when I passed.My brain was on some distant problem and my eyes stared into space.
"Hello，Mr.Herriot." I heard his voice.I turned a blank gaze on him — I just had no idea（7）　 　he was though his face was familiar.Then I saw（8）　 　 word "MEAD" in foot﹣high letters above the shop window.
"GOOD morning，Mead， "I cried heartily and continued my way.I had gone only a few steps before I realized that my greeting had been（9）　 　 （polite）.I turned back and said to him again， "Good morning，Mister mead."
It was only when I turned the corner of the street（10）　 　 I realized，too late，his name was Tony and the time was late afternoon.
第四部分写作第一节
18．（15分）假设你是渝州中学的学生李华，你校将组织一次主题为"City Walk in Chongqing"的一日徒步旅行活动，并在校园网征集活动方案。请写一封邮件给负责该活动的李老师，内容须包括：
（1）建议去重庆市哪个区进行徒步旅行（从重庆市所有区县中任选一个即可）
（2）一天的行程计划及相关安排的理由。
______
第二节
19．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"I'm going to miss you so much，Poppy，" said the tall，thin teenager.He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye.He stood up，hugged his parents，and smiled，trying not to let his emotions get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control.They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying.It was time to say goodbye for now at least.The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder，and flashed a bright smile. "I guess this is it， " he said. "I'll see you back home in a month，okay？ " His parents nodded，and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents.The boy's mother turned to the dog， "Okay，Poppy，time to go back home."
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there.All that week，Poppy didn't seem interested in her dinner，her favorite toy，or even in her daily walk.Her owners were sad too，but they knew their son would be back to visit.Poppy didn't.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats.They even let her sit on the sofa，but the old girl just wasn't her usual cheerful self.Her owners started to get worried. "What should we do to cheer Poppy up？" asked Dad. "We've tried everything."
"I have an idea，but it might be a little crazy， " smiled Mom. "Without anybody left in the house but us，this place could use a bit of fun.Let's get a little dog for Poppy."
It didn't take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box.Poppy welcomed them home as usual，but when she saw the box，she stopped.She put her nose on it.Her tail began wagging ever so slowly，then faster as she caught the smell.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dad put the box on the ground and opened the top.
______
A few weeks later，the boy arrived home from university.
______
2023-2024学年重庆市高三（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分听力做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（1.5分）What is the girl looking for？
A.Her school bag.
B.Her pencil.
C.Her pencil﹣box.
【解答】C
2．（1.5分）How many people were injured in the accident？
A.A baby.
B.Three women.
C.None.
【解答】C
3．（1.5分）What do we know about the man？
A.He wants to get a new position.
B.He is asking the woman for help.
C.He has left the woman a good impression.
【解答】A
4．（1.5分）What does the man mean？
A.He can't afford the new car.
B.His friend has bought the car for him.
C.He has already made the down payment on the car.
【解答】A
5．（1.5分）How does the woman go to Philadelphia probably？
A.By car.
B.By taxi.
C.By subway.
【解答】C
第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
6．（4.5分）（1）What is Vinnie Jones？
A.He used to be a soccer player for Wimbledon.
B.He is famous in America but not in Britain.
C.He is a famous British singer.
（2）How about the woman？
A.She is interested in Vinnie Jones.
B.She knows more about Vinnie Jones.
C.She doesn't like the films starred by Vinnie Jones.
（3）Where does the conversation take place？
A.In Britain.
B.In the USA.
C.In China.
【解答】AAB
7．（4.5分）（1）What did the woman do last weekend？
A.She relaxed at the beach.
B.She visited her parents.
C.She prepared for a paper.
（2）Why did the woman come home so soon？
A.She had an appointment.
B.She had work to do.
C.She was invited only for the weekend.
（3）What did the woman think of running in the wet sand near the water？
A.Difficult.
B.Easy.
C.Terrible.
【解答】ABB
8．（4.5分）（1）What was Jane's grandmother when she was young？
A.She was a writer.
B.She was an actress.
C.She was a doctor.
（2）How many people are there in Jane's family？
A.Four.
B.Five.
C.Seven.
（3）Where is the garden？
A.It's behind the house.
B.It's in front of the house.
C.It's near the bridge.
【解答】BCA
9．（4.5分）（1）Why do the woman and her husband want to spend the weekend outside？
A.To have a long trip.
B.To relax themselves.
C.To visit friends.
（2）What doesn't the man advise the woman to do at the sea？
A.To have a good sleep on the soft sand.
B.To play volleyball on the beach.
C.To enjoy the sunshine on the sand.
（3）Who would most probably make the final decision？
A.The travel agency.
B.The woman.
C.The woman's husband.
【解答】BAC
10．（4.5分）（1）What kind of person did Clemente's parents want him to be？
A.Independent and honorable.
B.Honest and kind.
C.Friendly and selfless.
（2）Which team did Clemente play for as a professional player？
A.Nine professional teams.
B.The Brooklyn Dodgers.
C.A city team.
（3）What happened to Clemente in the end？
A.He died in an air accident.
B.He brought the supplies to people in Nicaragua.
C.He was killed in an earthquake.
【解答】BBA
第二部分 阅读第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A Color Run at School
What Is a Color Run？
The event is usually a 5 K untimed run.Participants are doused（浇涂上） from head to toe in a different colored powder at each kilometer mark.This activity inspired by the Hindu festival of Holi is perfect for promoting community and happiness.
A color run is a fun event perfect for schools.As the kids jog through the route，their white T﹣shirts turn rainbow colors.It is a way to promote health and activity among children.Schools can choose whether they want to host a color run by themselves or have one organized by an event organizer.
Why Should I Take Part in a Color Run？
Taking part in a color run will help you improve your overall physical health.It's a great way to burn calories and get out.You will also be able to meet new people.
How to Set Up a School Color Run？
To set up a school Color Run，you will first need to decide what time you want it to start.Then，you will need to contact the principal at your school.They will then tell you if there is enough space available at the named location.You will need to inform the class teachers and include information in the student handbook.Next，you should contact the parents/guardians of the students at the school through a mailed letter or email.With everything listed above completed，you will have your event organized and ready to go!
（1）What do we know about a Color Run？ 　A　
A.It sets no time limit.
B.It used to be a part of Holi.
C.It's designed for schools only.
D.It sees runners covered from head to toe.
（2）What benefit may kids get from a school color run？ 　A　
A.Better physical health.
B.Prize money from the race.
C.Friendship with the principal.
D.T﹣shirts with a rainbow pattern.
（3）What's the purpose of the text？ 　B　
A.To advertise.
B.To inform.
C.To entertain.
D.To criticize.
【分析】这是一篇应用文，作者介绍了学校举办的彩色跑步活动的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据What Is a Color Run部分第一段的The event is usually a 5 K untimed run（该活动通常为5公里无计时跑步），可知Color Run不设置时间限制，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据What Is a Color Run部分第二段的It is a way to promote health and activity among children（这是促进儿童健康和活动的一种方式），可知孩子们从学校的彩色跑步中获得更好的身体健康，故选A。
（3）目的判断题。根据小标题What Is a Color Run（什么是彩色跑步）；Why Should I Take Part in a Color Run（为什么我应该参加彩色跑步）以及How to Set Up a School Color Run（如何建立学校彩色跑步），可知写作目的是提供关于彩色跑步活动的信息，故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
12．（10分） Good news，coffee lovers：Your daily cup of Joe might be doing good to your heart，namely by helping to reduce the risk of heart failure，suggest the findings of a new study.In an analysis of data from three large studies on the topic，researchers found that those who reported drinking one or more cups of caffeinated （含咖啡因的） coffee a day had "a related decreased long﹣term heart failure risk".
For the report published in Circulation：Heart Failure，researchers used machine learning to examine data from a large study from the Framingham Heart Study，referencing this data against two other studies. "Each study included at least 10 years of follow﹣up，and altogether the studies provided information on more than 21，000 U.S.adult participants，" researchers said.
When analyzing the Framingham Heart Study，researchers noted that when compared to non﹣coffee drinkers，coffee drinkers' risk of heart failure decreased by 5% to 12% for each cup they drank each day.As for decaffeinated coffee，researchers noted that it did，not have the same benefits as caffeinated coffee，with one study suggesting that decaffeinated coffee may have an opposite effect.
Dr.David Kao，senior study author，said in a statement， "The relation between caffeine and heart failure risk reduction was surprising.Coffee and caffeine are often considered by the general population to be 'bad' for the heart because people relate them to health problems like palpitations，high blood pressure，etc.The relationship between increasing caffeine consumption and decreasing heart failure risk turns that thought on its head."
"However，there is not yet enough clear evidence to prove that increasing coffee consumption can decrease the risk of heart disease with the same strength and certainty as stopping smoking，losing weight，or exercising，" Kao noted.The researchers also warned that the findings only focused on black coffee，that is，plain coffee，without added sugar and high﹣fat dairy products such as cream.
（1）What's the finding of the new study？ 　B　
A．The number of heart failure cases has decreased gradually.
B．Coffee can help lower the possibility of heart failure.
C．Caffeine does harm to people's health.
D．Coffee helps cure heart disease.
（2）How did researchers achieve their finding？ 　D　
A．By searching online for detailed information.
B．By interviewing experts about their opinions.
C．By conducting surveys among young adults.
D．By comparing data from long﹣term studies.
（3）What can directly affect the result of the study？ 　C　
A．The brand of coffee.
B．The age of the subjects.
C．The addition of caffeine to coffee.
D．The amount of coffee consumption.
（4）What is Dr.Kao's attitude towards the result？ 　D　
A．Indifferent.
B．Positive.
C．Curious.
D．Careful.
【分析】这篇文章主要讨论了一项新的研究发现，每天喝一杯或更多含咖啡因的咖啡可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险。研究人员使用机器学习技术分析了三个大型研究的数据，发现喝咖啡的人比不喝咖啡的人每天的心脏病发作风险降低5%到12%。然而，研究人员也指出，这项研究只关注黑咖啡，而且尚没有足够的证据证明增加咖啡的摄入量可以像戒烟、减肥或锻炼那样明确地降低心脏病的风险。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。由第一段Your daily cup of Joe might be doing good to your heart，namely by helping to reduce the risk of heart failure，suggest the findings of a new study. （一项新的研究表明，你每天喝一杯Joe咖啡可能对你的心脏有好处，即有助于降低心力衰竭的风险）可知，新的研究结果表明喝咖啡可能会降低心脏衰竭的风险。A．The number of heart failure cases has decreased gradually.心力衰竭病例数逐渐减少；B．Coffee can help lower the possibility of heart failure.咖啡可以帮助降低患心力衰竭的可能性；C．Caffeine does harm to people's health.咖啡因对人的健康有害；D．Coffee helps cure heart disease.咖啡有助于治疗心脏病。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。由第二段"Each study included at least 10 years of follow﹣up，and altogether the studies provided information on more than 21，000 U.S.adult participants，" researchers said. （研究人员说："每项研究都包括至少10年的随访，这些研究总共提供了21000多名美国成年参与者的信息。"）可知，研究人员通过对比长期研究的数据，得出研究结果。A．By searching online for detailed information.通过在网上搜索详细信息；B．By interviewing experts about their opinions.通过采访专家的意见；C．By conducting surveys among young adults.通过在年轻人中进行调查；D．By comparing data from long﹣term studies.通过比较长期研究的数据。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。由第一段中In an analysis of data from three large studies on the topic，researchers found that those who reported drinking one or more cups of caffeinated （含咖啡因的） coffee a day had "a related decreased long﹣term heart failure risk". （在对三项大型研究数据的分析中，研究人员发现，那些报告每天喝一杯或多杯含咖啡因咖啡的人"长期心力衰竭风险降低"）和第三段中As for decaffeinated coffee，researchers noted that it did，not have the same benefits as caffeinated coffee，with one study suggesting that decaffeinated coffee may have an opposite effect. （至于无咖啡因咖啡，研究人员指出，它确实没有含咖啡因咖啡那么有益，一项研究表明，无咖啡因咖啡可能会产生相反的效果）可知，喝含咖啡因的咖啡才可能会降低心脏衰竭的风险，无咖啡因咖啡没有含咖啡因咖啡那么有益，故咖啡中咖啡因的添加对实验结果有直接影响。故选C。
（4）观点态度题。由最后一段中"However，there is not yet enough clear evidence to prove that increasing coffee consumption can decrease the risk of heart disease with the same strength and certainty as stopping smoking，losing weight，or exercising，" Kao noted. （Kao指出："然而，目前还没有足够的明确证据证明，增加咖啡消费可以像戒烟、减肥或锻炼一样，降低患心脏病的风险。"）可知，Kao认为没有足够的证据表明增加含咖啡因的咖啡的消耗量能降低心脏衰竭的风险，因此他对待研究的结果是持谨慎的（Careful）态度。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
13．（10分） It is summer，and the living is comfortable.For many Americans，this is the season to travel.Why？Because school has finished；the weather is great，and most of all，we all deserve a break.When Americans want to take a break，they often head for their favourite vacation spot.
Throughout their history，Americans have been people on the move.Hundreds of years ago，the early immigrants had to travel to get to the New World.Once they arrived，they settled along the East Coast.But they weren't content to stay there.Explorers and traders journeyed to the unknown western areas.Later，settlers moved west to develop these new regions.As a result of this westward migration，Americans eventually occupied the whole mainland — from the Atlantic to the Pacific.Even today，Americans seem unable to stay put.Research says that the average American moves every five years.
Besides their habit of changing living places，Americans are used to travelling.Some people often go out on business.Their jobs may require them to take frequent business trips.Most companies provide an annual vacation for their employees，and people often use that time to travel.Some people just visit friends or relatives in different states.Others go on weekend trips that don't cost a lot of money.Those with more expensive tastes choose luxurious resorts and hotels.
Most Americans prefer to travel within their own nation's borders.Why？For one thing，it's cheaper than travelling abroad，and for another，there's no language problem.What's more，the vast American territory offers different kinds of tourist attractions.Nature lovers can enjoy beaches，mountains，lakes and a wealth of natural wonders.Major cities offer visitors a lot of urban delights.The convenience of modern freeways，railways and airplanes makes travel in America as easy as pie.
Many American vacations are as unique as the people who take them.Families often go on a journey with the kids.More and more family﹣friendly vacation resorts offer special programs for children.History lovers seek out famous historical sites and museums.Environmentalists prefer "green vacations".These trips allow them to observe plants and animals closely without disturbing the balance of nature.Some people find sea cruises relaxing and refreshing.Others enjoy their trips by fishing，skiing or white﹣water rafting.
Americans aren't the only people in the world who like travelling around.People all over the world enjoy visiting scenic spots in their own country and going abroad to travel.But in America，almost everybody is a tourist sometime.
（1）This passage is mainly about 　C　.
A．American immigrants in history
B．some famous resorts in America
C．Americans' love for travelling
D．some special people in America
（2）Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　B　
A．Americans are content to stay at the place where they are living now.
B．The American immigrants moved from the east to the western areas.
C．Americans are used to changing living places，but they don't like travelling around.
D．Most Americans prefer to go abroad to travel.
（3）Which of the following is NOT the reason why Americans prefer travelling in their own country？ 　B　
A．Travelling abroad is more expensive.
B．People in America speak different languages.
C．The traffic in America is very convenient.
D．The vast American territory offers different kinds of tourist attractions.
（4）Which word can describe the author's attitude towards Travel of American Style？ 　C　
A．Indifferent
B．Doubtful
C．Concerned
D．Uncaring
【分析】这篇文章主要讲述了美国人的旅行习惯和偏好。美国人历来都是一个爱好移动的民族，无论是早期的移民向西部开发，还是现代人每五年就会搬家。除了经常改变居住地，美国人也习惯于旅行，无论是出差，还是利用年假去旅行。大多数美国人更喜欢在国内旅行，原因是成本较低，无语言障碍，而且美国的广大领土提供了各种各样的旅游景点。美国人的度假方式各异，有的带着孩子一起，有的寻找历史遗址，有的喜欢环保旅游，有的则喜欢海上巡游或者户外运动。
【解答】（1）主旨大意题。阅读全文可知这篇文章主要讲述了美国人的旅行习惯和偏好。美国人历来都是一个爱好移动的民族，无论是早期的移民向西部开发，还是现代人每五年就会搬家。除了经常改变居住地，美国人也习惯于旅行，无论是出差，还是利用年假去旅行。大多数美国人更喜欢在国内旅行，原因是成本较低，无语言障碍，而且美国的广大领土提供了各种各样的旅游景点。美国人的度假方式各异，有的带着孩子一起，有的寻找历史遗址，有的喜欢环保旅游，有的则喜欢海上巡游或者户外运动。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中Once they arrived，they settled along the East Coast.But they weren't content to stay there.Explorers and traders journeyed to the unknown western areas.Later，settlers moved west to develop these new regions.As a result of this westward migration，Americans eventually occupied the whole mainland﹣from the Atlantic to the Pacific.（他们一到美国，就沿着东海岸定居下来。但他们并不满足于呆在那里。探险家和商人前往未知的西部地区。后来，定居者向西迁移，开发这些新地区。由于向西迁移，美国人最终占领了从大西洋到太平洋的整个大陆。）可知，"美国移民从东部迁移到西部地区"是正确表述。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段For one thing，it's cheaper than travelling abroad，and for another，there's no language problem.What's more，the vast American territory offers different kinds of tourist attractions.（一方面，它比出国旅游便宜，另一方面，没有语言问题。更重要的是，广阔的美国领土提供了各种各样的旅游景点。）和The convenience of modern freeways，railways and airplanes makes travel in America as easy as pie.（现代高速公路、铁路和飞机的便利使得在美国旅行很容易。）可知，美国人喜欢国内旅游是因为出国旅游更贵、国内没有语言障碍、国内交通很方便和广袤的美国领土提供了各种各样的旅游景点。所以"美国人说不同的语言"不是美国人在国内旅游的原因，是错误表述。故选B。
（4）观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者在文中介绍了美国人喜欢旅行的习惯，分析了他们喜欢在国内旅行的原因，由此可知，作者对美国人的旅行方式很感兴趣；concerned"感兴趣的；关心的"。故选C。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
14．（10分）The next time San Francisco residents stop a taxi，they may step into a car with no one behind the wheel.Driverless taxis are now allowed to come on the city's streets.On June 2，2022，Cruise，a division of General Motors（GM），was approved to charge for rides in its self﹣driving cars，becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.
Though Cruise is regarding it as a big win，its self﹣driving cars aren't totally free to run on the streets of San Francisco as they please.Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m.and 6 a.m.The speed limit is 30 mph.They are also not allowed to operate in heavy rain or fog.The rules are meant to reduce any injuries or accidents.
Cruise plans to launch the service gradually with a team of just 30 cars.The first robot axis will be improved versions of GM's Chevrolet Bolt.However，the company is seeking approval to get its custom﹣built Cruise Origin on public roads.The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals （踏板）and can attain highway speeds.The car cosists mostly of a sitting space，where passengers can face each other.
Cruise's ability to obtain the commercial permit to operate is a big step forward.However，the company still has to convince passengers that its technology is safe.Many remain concerned about safety.A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self﹣driving vehicle.
It remains to be seen how the new driverless taxi experiment will play out in San Francisco.But based on the vast number of companies that are racing to develop self﹣driving vehicles and the tens of thousands of people on waitlists for robotaxi rides，the Cruise pioneering program is at least set for popularity，if not success.
（1）What can we learn about the Cruise's driverless ride services？ 　D　
A.The services have turned out to be a great success.
B.The services receive great support from the public.
C.The services have run in some major cities of the USA.
D.The services are limited to some regions of San Francisco.
（2）What does the author describe in detail in paragraph 3？ 　A　
A.The feature of Cruise Origin.
B.The future of self﹣driving cars.
C.The original plan of the company.
D.The new version of Chevrolet Bolt.
（3）What is the attitude of most Americans towards the self﹣driving taxis？ 　A　
A.Doubtful.
B.Opposed.
C.Favourable.
D.Unconcemned.
（4）What can be the best title of the text？ 　B　
A.Cruise Offers Free Self﹣driving Ride Services.
B.Self﹣driving Cars Are Coming to San Francisco.
C.Self﹣driving Vehicles Are Popular in Major Cities.
D.Companies Begin to Charge for Rides in Self﹣driving Cars.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车即将来到旧金山。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段中On June2，2022，Cruise，a division of General Motors（GM），was approved to charge for rides in its self﹣driving cars，becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.（2022年6月2日，通用汽车旗下的Cruise被批准对其自动驾驶汽车收费，成为第一家获准在美国主要城市运营商用无人驾驶汽车的公司。）以及Though Cruise is regarding it as a big win，its self﹣driving cars aren't totally free to run on the streets of San Francisco as they please.Cruise vehicles will be limited to transporting passengers in less crowded areas of the city between 10 p.m.and 6 a.m.（尽管Cruise认为这是一个巨大的胜利，但它的自动驾驶汽车并不能完全自由地在旧金山的街道上奔跑。Cruise车辆将被限制在晚上10点到早上6点之间在城市不太拥挤的地区运送乘客。）可知，关于Cruise的无人驾驶乘车服务仅限于旧金山的一些地区。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第三段中The first robotaxis will be improved versions of GM's Chevrolet Bolt.However，the company is seeking approval to get its custom﹣built Cruise Origin on public roads.The driverless electric vehicle has no wheels or pedals（踏板）and can attain highway speeds.The car consists mostly of a siting space，where passengers can face each other.（第一辆自动驾驶出租车将是通用汽车雪佛兰Bolt的改进版。然而，该公司正在寻求批准，让其定制的Cruise Origin在公共道路上行驶。无人驾驶电动汽车没有轮子或踏板并且可以达到高速公路速度。这辆车主要由一个座位空间组成，乘客可以在这里面对面。）可知，本段详细描述了Cruise Origin的特色，故选A。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章倒数第二段中However，the company still has to convince passengers that its technology is safe.Many remain concerned about safety.A 2021 survey by the American Automobile Association found that 74 percent of Americans are afraid to ride in a self﹣driving vehicle.（然而，该公司仍需让乘客相信其技术是安全的。许多人仍然担心安全问题。美国汽车协会2021的一项调查发现，74%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。）可知，大多数美国人对自动驾驶出租车持怀疑的态度，故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。阅读全文，并根据文章第一段中On June2，2022，Cruise，a division of General Motors（GM），was approved to charge for rides in its self﹣driving cars，becoming the first company allowed to operate commercial driverless cars in a major US city.（2022年6月2日，通用汽车旗下的Cruise被批准对其自动驾驶汽车收费，成为第一家获准在美国主要城市运营商用无人驾驶汽车的公司。）和最后一段 It remains to be seen how the new driverless taxi experiment will play out in San Francisco.But based on the vast number of companies that are racing to develop autonomous vehicles and the tens of thousands of people on waitlists for robotaxi rides，the Cruise pilot program is at least poised for popularity，if not success.（新的无人驾驶出租车实验将如何在旧金山进行，仍有待观察。但基于大量正在竞相开发自动驾驶汽车的公司，以及数万人在等待自动驾驶出租车的名单上，Cruise试点项目即使不成功，也至少会受到欢迎。）可知，本文主要介绍了无人驾驶出租车获准在旧金山的一些地区运营，但其结果如何还有待观察，所以B项"自驾汽车即将来到旧金山"符合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（12.5分）
Mental Health Crisis Among Teens Demands a New Approach
Since the CDC released its survey results last month showing alarmingly high rates of sadness and depressive thoughts among teens，fingers have been pointed from two sides at the causes of this crisis.（1）　C　.Others say that today's more secular（世俗的）culture has confused our most vulnerable young people.But neither side seems to grasp the true urgency of the issue.
According to the CDC's findings，more than one in five of the 17，000 high school students surveyed reported mental breakdown.Their rates of sadness and hopelessness are the highest in a decade，reflecting an increasing trend exacerbated by society's isolation（隔离）and stress. （2）　F　.
Parents as well as teachers and others who have direct contact with children must accept this preventive approach.It is crucial that they not be afraid to ask direct questions about depressive thoughts. （3）　A　.It is also especially important that parents understand what help is available to their children.
（4）　E　.For example，we can demand equity equality，which means insurance coverage（保险范围）for behavioral illnesses health issues that is for physical ，thus reducing the financial burden.We can also urge our congressmen to fund health programs and expand mental health professions. （5）　G　.Put the politics aside.There are lives in the balance.
A．And they should resist the false idea that raising a question creates a risk that was not there before.B．This means that we must put aside our disagreements and approach this issue as a matter of life and death.C．Some have argued that the climate issue has created an existential threat and accompanying anxiety.D．Hospitalization may also be appropriate when the person in question shows an immediate danger to themselves.E．At the macro（宏观的）level，our country can do so much more to help people struggling with mental health problems and their families.F．It's time to stop blaming and turn our attention to this generation of struggling teenagers.G．It's time for those who have the power to amplify（放大）their voices and drive change to focus on helping teenagers and families access the help they need.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。当前，青少年的悲伤和抑郁情绪是一大心理问题。作者呼吁青少年的心理健康危机需要一种新的方法。
【解答】（1）联系下文题。根据下文Others say that today's more secular（世俗的）culture has confused our most vulnerable young people.But neither side seems to grasp the true urgency of the issue.（还有人说，今天更加世俗的文化让我们最脆弱的年轻人感到困惑。）可知，下文指出了其他人的看法，所以空格处应说明一些人的看法。C项"还有人说，今天更加世俗的文化让我们最脆弱的年轻人感到困惑。"符合语境，Some…Others…是常见句式。故选C项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文Their rates of sadness and hopelessness are the highest in a decade，reflecting an increasing trend exacerbated by society's isolation（隔离）and stress.（他们的悲伤和绝望率是十年来最高的，反映出社会的孤立和压力加剧了这一趋势。）可知，上文反映了青少年心理健康问题的严重程度。空格处位于段末，应指出需要解决该问题。F项"是时候停止指责，把注意力转向这一代苦苦挣扎的青少年了。"承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
（3）细节理解题。根据上文It is crucial that they not be afraid to ask direct questions about depressive thoughts.（至关重要的是，他们不要害怕直接询问有关抑郁想法的问题。）以及下文It is also especially important that parents understand what help is available to their children.（同样重要的是，父母要了解他们的孩子可以得到什么帮助。）可知，本段围绕家长的做法展开。A项"他们应该抵制提出问题会带来前所未有的风险的错误想法。"说明父母应该抵制提出问题会带来前所未有的风险的错误想法，承接上文，符合语境。故选A项。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文For example，we can demand equity equality，which means insurance coverage（保险范围）for behavioral illnesses health issues that is for physical ，thus reducing the financial burden. （例如，我们可以要求公平平等，这意味着为身体健康问题的行为疾病提供保险，从而减轻经济负担。）可知，下文通过举例说明空格处内容。E项"在宏观层面上，我们国家可以做更多的事情来帮助有心理健康问题的人及其家人。"说明在宏观层面，国家应该怎么做，符合语境。故选E项。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文We can also urge our congressmen to fund health programs and expand mental health professions.（我们也可以敦促我们的国会议员为健康项目提供资金，并扩大心理健康专业。）可知，上文提到敦促我们的国会议员为健康项目提供资金，并扩大心理健康专业。G项"是时候让那些有能力扩大自己的声音并推动变革的人专注于帮助青少年和家庭获得他们需要的帮助了。"中的those who have the power to amplify（放大）their voices and drive change指代上文的congressmen，符合语境。故选G项。
【点评】关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
第三部分 语言运用第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
16．（15分） In 1968 a grave dating from about 1100 was uncovered near Hattula，in Finland，Little remained of the occupant's skeleton，but the inhumation included two swords and a knife.Such grave goods would normally suggest said occupant was a man.The skeleton was， （1）　C　 also decorated with brooches （胸针） and woollen clothing of types more usually worn at the time by women.This （2）　A　 guess that the burial was actually of a powerful woman，possibly a local ruler in her own right rather than just the wife of a male king.
This would be noteworthy enough.But a re﹣examination of the remains，just published in the European Journal of Archaeology by Ulla Moilanen of the University of Turku and Elina Salmela of the University of Helsinki，suggests the truth may be yet more （3）　B　.Ms.Moilanen and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual （4）　A　 may have had outward characteristics of both a man and a woman.
In 1968 working out the （5）　C　 of a skeleton in an ancient grave was tricky.After years of deterioration，the bones of men and women look pretty much （6）　C　.But that was before the use of DNA became possible.So Ms.Moilanen and Dr Salmela thought it worth trying again.
Most people have two sex chromosomes （染色体）：XX in women and XY in men.Find DNA from a Y﹣chromosome in a skeleton and the chances are the body was （7）　D　.And，looking at a fragment of femur brought to her by Ms.Moilanen，who is the archaeologist in the （8）　A　，Dr.Salmela，who is the geneticist，did indeed find such DNA.But not much of it.That led her to wonder about contamination （污染），but also to consider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n） （9）　B　 X﹣chromosome that was swamping the signal from the Y.
Having an abnormal number of sex chromosomes is rare，but not vanishingly so.The particular （10）　C　 XXY leads to what is known as Klinefelter's syndrome.To determine the occupant's karyotype （染色体组型） from the tiny amount of DNA available，Dr.Salmela drew （11）　D　 with living people.The grave delivered 8，329 pieces，so she used a computer to draw samples of similar size from the genomes of living people with various karyotypes，including XXY，and also from mixtures of both sexes，to （12）　C　 contamination.She then compared these with the DNA from the grave and （13）　B　 it was 99.75% probable the individual concerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrome.
While Dr Salmela was working all this out，Ms.Moilanen and her team had another look at the grave.They confirmed that it was a （14）　A　 burial.For instance，they found evidence of fine furs，probably from foxes.Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being，but what led to that （15）　C　 in a world then dominated by male values is a matter of puzzle.Perhaps the person came from a family powerful enough for such things not to matter.
（1）A.therefore B.what's more C.nevertheless D.for instance
（2）A.intensified B.confirmed C.dismissed D.encouraged
（3）A.complicated B.engaging C.unpleasant D.frightening
（4）A.in question B.at large C.by comparison D.with doubt
（5）A.composition B.age C.sex D.origin
（6）A.distinct B.unidentified C.alike D.broken
（7）A.female B.old C.young D.male
（8）A.cooperation B.authority C.institute D.adventure
（9）A.restored B.extra C.missing D.dominant
（10）A.requirement B.interest C.combination D.emphasis
（11）A.inspirations B.lessons C.inferences D.comparisons
（12）A.eliminate B.monitor C.imitate D.generate
（13）A.rejected B.concluded C.recalled D.confessed
（14）A.high﹣status B.secret C.religious D.peaceful
（15）A.conclusion B.evidence C.respect D.solution
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。1968年，在芬兰的哈图拉附近发现了一座大约1100年的坟墓，居住者的骨骼几乎没有留下，但在尸体中发现了两把剑和一把刀。这样的墓葬通常表明死者是男性。然而，他的骨架上也装饰着胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服。这导致了考古学家对墓葬遗骸的性别的猜测。
【解答】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.therefore因此；B.what's more而且；C.nevertheless但是；D.for instance例如。句意：尽管如此，骨架上还装饰着胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服。根据上句"but the inhumation included two swords and a knife.Such grave goods would normally suggest said occupant was a man."可知，上下句之间是转折关系，故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.intensified增强；B.confirmed证实；C.dismissed开除，解散；D.encouraged鼓励。句意：这让人们更加猜测，埋葬的实际上是一位有权势的女性，可能是当地的一位统治者，而不仅仅是一位男性国王的妻子。根据上句"The skeleton was，（1）also decorated with brooches （胸针） and woollen clothing of types more usually worn at the time by women." 可知，骨架上装饰着的胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服更加的让人们猜测，埋葬的实际上是一位有权势的女性。故选A。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.complicated复杂的；B.engaging迷人的，吸引人的；C.unpleasant不愉快的；D.frightening吓人的。句意：但是，图尔库大学的Ulla Moilanen和赫尔辛基大学的Elina Salmela刚刚在《欧洲考古学杂志》上发表的对这些遗骸的重新检查表明，真相可能更吸引人。根据后句"Ms.Moilanen and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual（4）may have had outward characteristics of both a man and a woman."可知，遗骸可能同时具有男性和女性的外在特征的真相是非常的吸引人的。故选B。
（4）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in question存在疑问或不确定性的事物；B.at large未被限制的，自由的；C.by comparison相比之下，比较起来；D.with doubt怀疑地。句意：Moilanen女士和Salmela博士怀疑这个人可能同时具有男性和女性的外在特征。根据本句中的"suspect（怀疑）" 可知，人们对遗骸存在疑问。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.composition成分构成，成分；B.age年龄；C.sex性别；D.origin起源。句意：1968年，在一座古墓中确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。根据后句"After years of deterioration，the bones of men and women look pretty much（6）."可知，确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.distinct不同的，有区别的；B.unidentified未经确认的；C.alike相似的；D.broke损坏的，破碎的。句意：经过多年的退化，男性和女性的骨骼看起来非常相似。根据上句"In 1968 working out the（5）of a skeleton in an ancient grave was tricky."可知，因为男性和女性的骨骼看起来非常相似，所以在一座古墓中确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。故选C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.female女性的，妇女的；B.old年老的；C.young年轻的；D.male男性的。句意：在骨骼中发现y染色体的DNA，很有可能是男性。根据上句"Most people have two sex chromosomes （染色体）：XX in women and XY in men." 可知，在骨骼中发现Y染色体的DNA很可能是男性。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.cooperation合作；B.authority专家；C.institute研究所，学院，协会；D.adventure冒险（经历），奇遇。句意：她看着莫伊拉宁带给她的一块股骨碎片，莫伊拉宁是这次合作的考古学家。根据后文"She then compared these with the DNA from the grave and 　　（13）it was 99.75% probable the individual concerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrome."可知，考古学家是相互的合作的。故选A。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.restored精力恢复的；B.extra额外的；C.missing丢失的；D.dominant占支配地位的，占优势的。句意：这让她怀疑污染，但也让她考虑坟墓里的人是否有一条额外的X染色体，它淹没了来自Y的信号。根据后文"The particular（10）XXY leads to what is known as Klinefelter's syndrome. " 可知，Salmela考虑坟墓里的人是否有一条额外的X染色体。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.requirement要求，必要条件；B.interest兴趣，关注；C.combination结合；D.emphasis强调。句意：这种特殊的组合导致了所谓的克氏综合症。根据上文"That led her to wonder about contamination（污染），but also to consider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n）（9）X﹣chromosome that was swamping the signal from the Y. "可知，XXY是一种特殊的组合。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.inspirations启示；B.lessons课程；C.inferences推理；D.comparisons比较。句意：为了从可用的微量DNA中确定居住者的组型，Salmela博士与活着的人进行了比较。根据本句"with living people"可知，Salmela博士将DNA与活着的人进行了比较。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.eliminate剔除，根除；B.monitor监控；C.imitate模仿；D.generate产生，引起。句意：坟墓里有8329块碎片，所以她用电脑从不同组型的活人基因组中提取了类似大小的样本，包括XXY，也有来自两性混合物的样本，以模拟污染。根据上文"so she used a computer to draw samples of similar size from the genomes of living people with various karyotypes，including XXY，and also from mixtures of both sexes" 可知，Salmela博士这样做的目的是模拟污染。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.rejected拒绝，驳回；B.concluded得出的结论；C.recalled拒绝，驳回；D.confessed坦白，认罪。句意：然后，她将这些DNA与坟墓里的DNA进行了比较，得出结论：这个人确实患有克兰费尔特综合症的可能性为99.75%。根据上文"She then compared these with the DNA from the grave"可知，她将这些DNA与坟墓中的DNA进行了比较进而得出结论。故选B。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.high﹣status高级职位的；B.secret秘密的；C.religious宗教的；D.peaceful和平的。句意：在Salmela博士研究这一切的同时，Moilanen女士和她的团队对坟墓进行了另一次观察。他们确认这是一场地位很高的葬礼。根据下文"For instance，they found evidence of fine furs，probably from foxes." 可知，根据陪葬品来看，这是一场地位很高的葬礼。故选A。
（15）考查词名词及语境理解。A.conclusion结论；B.evidence证据；C.respect尊重；D.solution解决办法。句意：但是，在一个当时由男性价值观主导的世界里，是什么导致了这种尊重，这是一个谜。根据上句"Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being"可知，这场葬礼是非常的受人尊重的。故选C。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17．（15分） Two things I did may have caused people（1）　to think　 （think） that something is wrong with me.The first was when my wife asked me to have the sitting﹣room clock（2）　repaired　（repair）.I drove into the market place of our little town and，clock under arm，entered a shop.Only it was the meat shop.（3）　With　 my thoughts far away，I stood staring into the shop﹣keeper's eyes.I had been his customer for a long time and the good man smiled at me.
This went on for several very long seconds before I realized where I was.（4）　There　is no doubt that I should have calmly bought a pound of meat，（5）　but　I merely nodded briefly and left.
The other man in my town who probably thinks I am mad is Mr.Smith.Some years ago he was manager of Mead's Shop，and he and I knew each other quite well.One day he（6）　was standing　 （stand） in the doorway of his shop when I passed.My brain was on some distant problem and my eyes stared into space.
"Hello，Mr.Herriot." I heard his voice.I turned a blank gaze on him — I just had no idea（7）　who　he was though his face was familiar.Then I saw（8）　the　 word "MEAD" in foot﹣high letters above the shop window.
"GOOD morning，Mead， "I cried heartily and continued my way.I had gone only a few steps before I realized that my greeting had been（9）　impolite　 （polite）.I turned back and said to him again， "Good morning，Mister mead."
It was only when I turned the corner of the street（10）　that　 I realized，too late，his name was Tony and the time was late afternoon.
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者做的两件让别人认为他疯了的事情，从这两件事可以看出作者有点健忘，还会心不在焉。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：我做的两件事可能让人们认为我有问题。cause sb.to do sth."导致某人做某事"，动词不定式作宾补，故填to think。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：第一次是我妻子让我把客厅的钟修好。have sth.done"使某事被做"，repair和have的宾语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补，故填repaired。
（3）考查with复合结构。句意：我心不在焉地站在那里，凝视着店主的眼睛。此处为with复合结构作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填With。
（4）考查固定句