连云港外国语学校高三年级第一次阶段考试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
例：How much is the shirt A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 15. C. ￡9. 18. 答案是B。
1. When does the man want to meet Mr. Clark
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
2. What will the woman do tomorrow
A. Go to the bank.
B. Take a trip to California.
C. Lend some money to the man.
3. What does the boy think of his parents
A. Open-minded. B. Generous. C. Strict.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Which dress to buy. B. How to choose a dress. C. What to wear to the party.
5. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a restaurant. B. At a supermarket. C. At the woman’s house.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the woman going to do
A. See a film. B. Visit a park. C. Go shopping.
7. Which bus will the woman take
A. Bus number 112. B. Bus number 113. C. Bus number 153.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What worries the man at first
A. He can’t enjoy his trip with painful feet.
B. He has no time to travel with his family.
C. He doesn’t want to visit Paris this summer.
9. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Visit another city. B. Take a boat trip. C. Go on a walk tour.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. For whom does the man want to rent a flat
A. Himself. B. His family. C. He and his friends.
11. What is the man’s job
A. He is a college student.
B. He works in a car factory.
C. He works in the central bank.
12. How many bedrooms does the man prefer to have
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers
A. In a theater. B. In a studio. C. In a cinema.
14. What does Peter think of classical plays
A. They are boring. B. They are challenging. C. They are wonderful.
15. What helps Peter remember the words in a play
A. The talent he was born with.
B. The training he got at university.
C. The experience he gained on stage.
16. How does Peter feel about watching his performances on TV
A. Satisfied. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who did the speaker go on a cookery course with
A. Her cousin. B. Her sister. C. Her mother.
18. Which course did the speaker choose
A. The one-day course. B. The three-day course. C. The one-week course.
19. What surprised the speaker when she started her course
A. The course was popular.
B. There were many teenagers.
C. Many teachers were there to help.
20. Which place did the speaker visit
A. A restaurant. B. A market. C. A supermarket
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Luxury (奢华的) Costa Rica
This grand adventure through Costa Rica offers the perfect combination of luxury travel and thrilling encounters with the natural world. Travelers will visit the impressing Arenal Volcano, the magical Monteverde Cloud Forests, and the mysterious Manuel Antonio National Park.
★Accommodation in 4-star hotels with a Certification for Sustainable Tourism
★ Nature Guide
★Max. 14 participants
★Comfortable, private transportation
★Guaranteed departures
Look forward to seeing fascinating creatures in their natural habitats, relaxing on beautiful, unspoiled beaches, and spending your nights in high-quality accommodations. Whether you dream of whitewater rafting on rapid rivers, kayaking through forests, relaxing in natural hot springs, or hiking through lush (茂盛的) rain forests—this trip has something for you!
If you have ever considered visiting the picturesque country of Costa Rica then look no further than Sprachcaffe Travel and find out everything you need to know right here. If you have any further question, our friendly and informed staff are more than willing to help!
What’s Included
★Comfortable hotels with 4 stars
★8 breakfasts, 6 dinners
★Transfers in air-conditioned (mini) bus
★Entrance fees and guided tour of Manuel Antonio National Park
★Guided visit to Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
★Hot springs, natural pools
★El Trapiche sugar cane and coffee
★English-speaking naturalist guide throughout, local guides
1. According to the passage, what does the travel ticket include
A. Any breakfast and dinner in hotels. B. A visit to Manual Antonio National Park.
C. Transfers in air-conditioned private cars. D. The money you give waiters or waitresses.
2. What can visitors do in the travel
A. Relaxing in artificial hot springs in lush rain forest.
B. Enjoying high-quality accommodations in 5-star hotels.
C. Experiencing close contact with nature and wildlife.
D. Having awesome hiking in the impressing Arenal Volcano.
3. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A travel journal.
C. A research article. D. An advertisement
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一次穿越哥斯达黎加的大冒险，这次的大冒险是豪华旅行和自然世界的惊险邂逅的完美的结合。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据What’s Included中“★Entrance fees and guided tour of Manuel Antonio National Park”（Manuel Antonio国家公园门票和有导游的游览）可知，这张票包括去Manual Antonio国家公园。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Travelers will visit the impressing Arenal Volcano, the magical Monteverde Cloud Forests, and the mysterious Manuel Antonio National Park.”（游客将参观令人印象深刻的阿雷纳尔火山、神奇的蒙特维达云雾森林和神秘的曼纽尔·安东尼奥国家公园。）和第二段“Look forward to seeing fascinating creatures in their natural habitats, relaxing on beautiful, unspoiled beaches, and spending your nights in high-quality accommodations.”（期待着在它们的自然栖息地看到迷人的生物，在美丽的、未被破坏的海滩上放松，在高质量的住宿中度过你的夜晚）可知，游客与大自然和野生动物亲密接触。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This grand adventure through Costa Rica offers the perfect combination of luxury travel and thrilling encounters with the natural world.（这个哥斯达黎加的大冒险提供了豪华旅行和与自然世界的激动人心的邂逅的完美结合。）”以及文章的最后讲解票所包含的项目，可知本篇文章为一篇广告。故选D。
B
Laurie Horam never thought of himself as musical. At home, his dad never listened to music, while one of his boarding school teachers labelled him tone deaf. But last month he started to play the harmonica (口琴)on the streets of Bradford. People clapped, danced and threw coins into his case for the local food bank. Horam caught himself thinking. “How, at the age of 79, do I come to be playing music to people on the streets ”
The question preoccupied him, because, some years ago at a family gathering, Gavin, his eldest son, said: “You know what, Dad It can’t be coincidental. We must have got our musical abilities from you.” Horam has three sons and they cover a range of instruments. He was surprised. “There can’t be music in me, because I can’t play! ”he said.
Eight years ago, Horam, a retired civil servant, was on his way back from a trip with his family. Gavin stopped at a music shop. He walked out and said: “Here you are. I bought this for you, Dad. It’s a harmonica. I’ll try to show you how to play a bit.”
They went to a session at their local pub. Gavin played the guitar and Horam sat in the corner with his harmonica, trying to make a sound that no one would hear. After six months, he was invited into the group. He discovered a talent for improvisation(即兴表演),responding to a note within a millisecond without batting an eyelid. “I don’t play by ear. I play by heart.” Actually, Horam says: “My harmonica plays me-how I feel, what I am, what I’ve been.”
Music has enriched life with friendship and made Horam feel “part of something much bigger” than himself. “At a time when the circle of life might be shrinking, mine is expanding,” he says. “Maybe we never know completely who we are or what we can do.”
4. Why did Horam play the harmonica on the streets of Bradford
A. To recall the good old days.
B. To beg food from passers-by.
C. To live his childhood dream.
D. To collect money for charity.
5. What is Gavin’s attitude to his father’s musical ability
A. Positive.
B. Disapproving.
C. Doubtful.
D. Unclear.
6. What does playing the harmonica allow Horam to do
A Enjoy the quiet.
B. Listen to his heart.
C. Express himself.
D. Sharpen his hearing.
7. What does music bring to Horam
A. A lost soul.
B. A comfortable life.
C. A broader circle of life.
D. A new perception of family.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】文章是一篇记叙文。从小没有音乐天赋的Laurie Horam被自己的大儿子教会了口琴，让他丰富了自己的生活，扩大了自己的人生轨迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“People clapped, danced and threw coins into his case for the local food bank.（人们鼓掌、跳舞，并把硬币扔进他为当地食品银行捐款的箱子里）”可知，Laurie Horam在大街上吹口琴是为了给当地的食物银行筹款，故选D
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“You know what, Dad It can’t be coincidental. We must have got our musical abilities from you.（你知道吗，爸爸？这不可能是巧合。我们一定是从你那里得到了音乐才能）”可知，Gavin认为自己一定遗传了父亲的音乐能力。由此推知，他对父亲的音乐能力是肯定的，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“My harmonica plays me-how I feel, what I am, what I’ve been.（我的口琴演奏着我的感觉，我现在是什么样的，我曾经是什么样的）”可知，Horam用音乐来表达自己，故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的““At a time when the circle of life might be shrinking, mine is expanding,” he says. “Maybe we never know completely who we are or what we can do.”（“在生命周期可能正在缩小的时候，我的生命周期正在扩大，”他说。“也许我们永远不知道自己是谁，或者我们能做什么。”）”可知，音乐让Horam在自己生命的最后阶段发现了更新的、更广阔的意义，故选C。
C
IQ is often regarded as a crucial driver of success, particularly in fields such as science, innovation and technology. But the truth is that some of the greatest achievements by our species have primarily relied on what scientists call “cognitive flexibility”.
Cognitive flexibility is a skill that enables us to switch between different concepts, or to adapt behavior to achieve goals in a novel or changing environment. And the good news is that it can be trained. Currently, a group of researchers from Cambridge University are conducting a research, trying to work out how people can best boost their cognitive flexibility.
Cognitive flexibility may have affected how people coped with the pandemic lockdowns, which produced new challenges around work and schooling. Some people may have changed their routines from time to time, trying to find better and more varied ways of going about their day. Others, however, struggled and finally became more rigid in their thinking. They stuck to the same routine activities, with little flexibility or change.
Flexible thinking is key to creativity. It also supports academic and work skills such as problem solving. Unlike working memory, it is largely independent of IQ. For example, many visual artists may be of average intelligence, but highly creative and have produced masterpieces.
So does cognitive flexibility make people smarter in a way that isn’t always captured on IQ tests We know that it leads to better rational thinking throughout the lifespan. For example, for children it leads to better reading abilities and better school performance.
It can also help protect against a number of prejudice. People who are cognitively flexible are better at recognizing potential faults in themselves and using strategies to overcome these faults.
Cognitive flexibility is essential for society to flourish. It can help maximize the potential of individuals to create innovative ideas and creative inventions. Ultimately, it is such qualities that we need to solve the big challenges of today.
8. What is the purpose of the research conducted by Cambridge University researchers
A. To clarify people’s misunderstanding about cognitive flexibility.
B. To figure out the relationship between IQ and cognitive flexibility.
C. To explore effective ways to improve people’s cognitive flexibility.
D. To make out the benefits of increasing people’s cognitive flexibility.
9. What will cognitively flexible people probably do to deal with new challenges
A. Stick to their original plan. B. Handle new problems rigidly.
C. Adjust their thoughts and behavior. D. Apply creative ideas to improve their IQ.
10. What can we learn about cognitive flexibility
A. It is closely related to people’s IQ. B. It is an unchangeable inborn quality.
C. It helps people avoid reasonable thinking. D. It helps people make greater achievements.
11. What do the last three paragraphs mainly talk about
A. Applications of cognitive flexibility. B. Benefits of cognitive flexibility.
C. Experiments on cognitive flexibility. D. Definitions of cognitive flexibility.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“认知灵活性”的重要性，认知灵活的人的特点以及如何才能最好地提高人们的认知灵活性的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Currently, a group of researchers from Cambridge University are conducting a research, trying to work out how people can best boost their cognitive flexibility.(目前，来自剑桥大学的一组研究人员正在进行一项研究，试图找出如何才能最好地提高人们的认知灵活性)”可知，剑桥大学研究人员进行这项研究的目的是探索提高人们认知灵活性的有效途径。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Cognitive flexibility is a skill that enables us to switch between different concepts, or to adapt behavior to achieve goals in a novel or changing environment.(认知灵活性是一种技能，使我们能够在不同的概念之间切换，或在一个新的或不断变化的环境中调整行为以实现目标)”以及第三段中“Cognitive flexibility may have affected how people coped with the pandemic lockdowns, which produced new challenges around work and schooling. Some people may have changed their routines from time to time, trying to find better and more varied ways of going about their day. (认知灵活性可能影响了人们应对大流行封锁的方式，这在工作和上学方面产生了新的挑战。有些人可能会不时地改变他们的日常生活，试图找到更好、更多样化的方式来度过他们的一天)”可推知，在应对新挑战时，认知灵活的人可能会调整他们的想法和行为。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But the truth is that some of the greatest achievements by our species have primarily relied on what scientists call “cognitive flexibility”.(但事实是，人类取得的一些最伟大的成就主要依赖于科学家所说的“认知灵活性”)”可知，认知灵活性帮助人们取得更大的成就。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“So does cognitive flexibility make people smarter in a way that isn’t always captured on IQ tests We know that it leads to better rational thinking throughout the lifespan. For example, for children it leads to better reading abilities and better school performance.(那么，认知灵活性是否能让人更聪明，而智商测试并不总是能体现这一点呢？我们知道它会让人在一生中更理性地思考。例如，对孩子们来说，它会带来更好的阅读能力和更好的学校表现)”；倒数第二段“It can also help protect against a number of prejudice. People who are cognitively flexible are better at recognizing potential faults in themselves and using strategies to overcome these faults.(它还可以帮助抵御一些偏见。认知灵活的人更善于识别自己潜在的错误，并使用策略来克服这些错误)”以及最后一段“Cognitive flexibility is essential for society to flourish. It can help maximize the potential of individuals to create innovative ideas and creative inventions. Ultimately, it is such qualities that we need to solve the big challenges of today.(认知的灵活性对于社会的繁荣至关重要。它可以帮助最大限度地发挥个人创造创新想法和创造性发明的潜力。最终，我们需要这些品质来解决今天的重大挑战)”可知，最后三段主要讲了认知灵活性的好处。故选B。
D
Tetraplegic paticnts (those who can’t move their upper or lower body) are prisoners of their own bodies. Now a robot arm is to help them interact with their world. This research was completed by researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). Professor Aude Billard and Jose del R. Millan worked together to create a computer program that can control a robot using electrical signals from a patient’s brain.
First, the user wears an EEG cap to have their electrical signals inside their brain scanned(扫 描)effectively, which are then interpreted by the machine-learning algorithm (算法).The computer then sends signals to the robot arm to determine how it moves. As the robot arm performs a motion,the algorithm is looking to get feedback from the user when it makes a mistake: perhaps it moved too fast, or too violently. The end goal is that the robot can learn the right movements for a task in a given context. For example, you might want the arm to use a bit of force to throw a paper ball, but you might want it to be gentler when putting glass bottles.
In the team’s research, they trained the robot arm to pick up a glass. The arm would move towards the glass and the user’s brain would decide if they felt it was too close or too far away. The process is repeated until the robot understands the optimal route for the individual’s preference - not too close to be a risk but not so far away to waste movement.
“Training an algorithm to read brain waves in a consistent fashion was the most challenging part, because the brain is not only focused on the hand but also processing many other things,” said Millan. “This means our algorithm will never be 100 % accurate.”
The researchers hope to eventually use their algorithm to control wheelchairs, which would allow people in wheelchairs to have greater control over their movements, speeds and general safety. However, this does require consistency over time to the algorithm.
12. Which paragraph mentions the working process
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
13. What does the underlined word “optimal” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Indirect. B. Best. C. Regular. D. Alternative.
14. How can the accuracy of reading brain waves be improved
A. By controlling people’s brain. B. By ensuring general safety.
C. By processing other information. D. By gaining data continuously.
15. What could be the best title of the text
A. This robot arm can read your mind.
B. Robot arms control your movement.
C. Algorithm finds cure for the disabled.
D. Machine-learning algorithm can train robots.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，为了帮助四肢瘫痪的患者，科学家们发明了机器人手臂，患者可以用大脑电信号控制机器人手臂。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“First, the user wears an EEG cap to have their electrical signals inside their brain scanned(扫 描)effectively, which are then interpreted by the machine-learning algorithm (算法).The computer then sends signals to the robot arm to determine how it moves. As the robot arm performs a motion, the algorithm is looking to get feedback from the user when it makes a mistake: perhaps it moved too fast, or too violently. The end goal is that the robot can learn the right movements for a task in a given context.(首先，用户戴上脑电图帽，有效地扫描他们大脑中的电信号，然后由机器学习算法解释)。然后，计算机向机器人手臂发送信号，以确定它如何移动。当机器人手臂执行一个动作时，算法会在它犯错误时从用户那里得到反馈:可能移动得太快或太剧烈。最终目标是机器人能够在给定的环境中学习完成任务的正确动作。)”可知，第二段描述了机器人手臂的操作流程。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词后半句“not too close to be a risk but not so far away to waste movement.(既不会太近而有风险，又不会太远而浪费移动时间。)”可知，最终机器人会了解到适合个体偏好的最佳路线。所以optimal为“最佳的”之意。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers hope to eventually use their algorithm to control wheelchairs, which would allow people in wheelchairs to have greater control over their movements, speeds and general safety.(研究人员希望最终能使用他们算法来控制轮椅，这样坐轮椅的人就能更好地控制自己的行动、速度和总体安全。)”可推断，他们是通过不断获得数据来提高准确性的。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now a robot arm is to help them interact with their world.This research was completed by researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). Professor Aude Billard and Jose del R. Millan worked together to create a computer program that can control a robot using electrical signals from a patient’s brain.(现在，机器人手臂可以帮助他们与自己的世界进行互动。这项研究由瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院(EPFL)的研究人员完成。Aude Billard教授和Jose del R. Millan教授合作开发了一个计算机程序，该程序可以利用病人大脑的电信号来控制机器人。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，为了帮助四肢瘫痪的患者，科学家们发明了机器人手臂，患者可以用大脑电信号控制机器人手臂。所以“This robot arm can read your mind.(这个机器人手臂能读心术。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
20题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Our group was about to board a plane. I was ____21____, not because of flying, but because of what waited for me in my ____22____. “I could turn around now,” I said to myself. “Nobody would ____23____ me. There are choices open to me.” But I’d never turned away from adventure, so ____24____ the rest of the group, I got on the plane to Tanzania Little did I know I would be ____25____ by the next weeks at that moment.
The travel was part of a university program. We did many exciting things there, but it was our time of ____26____ at a community center with poor conditions that stuck with me. It allowed me to truly ____27____ the locals — playing with kids and visiting their homes. These experiences were ____28____. I found almost every aspect of their lives looked nothing like mine. But ____29____ being uneasy and backing away, I learned to appreciate the ____30____, trying their clothes and learning their culture. The Tanzanians were so positive, seeing how few ____31____ they had and how happy they were blew my mind.
____32____, I was happy to return home after those weeks, but I was confident that it wouldn’t be the ____33____ of my adventure. I knew I would ____34____ more lands, meet people from different backgrounds, and continue helping others, because seeing the smiles on their faces makes me have a feeling that cannot be ____35____ by anything else.
21. A. disappointed B. proud C. excited D. scared
22. A. group B. home C. destination D. university
23. A. blame B. understand C. support D. doubt
24 A. persuading B. contacting C. following D. ignoring
25. A. consumed B. shaped C. bothered D. welcomed
26. A. learning B. researching C. entertaining D. volunteering
27. A. connect with B. focus on C. get to D. make out
28. A. challenging B. eye-opening C. pleasing D. heart-warming
29. A. as for B. regardless of C. except for D. instead of
30. A. value B. process C. diversity D. innovation
31. A. achievements B. possessions C. arguments D. demands
32. A. Gradually B. Naturally C. Hopefully D. Simply
33. A. end B. meaning C. result D. advantage
34. A. discover B. service C. leave D. explore
35. A. expressed B. limited C. matched D. described
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次去坦桑尼亚的志愿者经历，让作者非常难忘，坦桑尼亚人非常积极，看到当地人很贫穷，却如此快乐，作者大吃一惊，并决心探索更多的土地，遇到来自不同背景的人，并继续向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手，因为看到他们脸上的微笑是一种任何东西都无法比拟的感觉。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我害怕，不是因为飞行，而是因为在目的地等待着我的东西。A. disappointed失望的；B. proud自豪的；C. excited激动的；D. scared害怕的。后文“I could turn around now(我现在还可以回头)”可知，作者想要回头，说明害怕。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我害怕，不是因为飞行，而是因为在目的地等待着我的东西。A. group团队；B. home家；C. destination目的地；D. university大学。根据后文“I got on the plane to Tanzania. Little did I know I would be”可知，作者要前往坦桑尼亚，所以是目的地在等待着作者的未知东西，让作者害怕。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人会责怪我，因为我有很多选择。A. blame责备；B. understand理解；C. support支持；D. doubt怀疑。上文提到作者对自己说现在还可以回头，即下飞机和下文“as there are options open to me”可知，作者有很多选择，即使现在回头，也没有人会责备作者。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我从未放弃过冒险，所以我跟随团队的其他人登上了飞往坦桑尼亚的飞机。A. persuading说服；B. contacting联系；C. following跟随；D. ignoring忽视。根据后文“the rest of the group, I got on the plane to Tanzania”可知，作者跟随团队的其他人登上了飞往坦桑尼亚的飞机。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道在接下来的几个星期里，我会在那一刻被塑造成什么样子。A. consumed消耗；B. shaped塑造；C. bothered麻烦；D. welcomed欢迎。根据上文“Little did I know I would be”指作者不知道自己接下来几周会被塑造成什么样，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里做了很多令人兴奋的事情，但让我难忘的是我们在一个条件恶劣的社区中心做志愿者的时光。A. learning学习；B. researching研究；C. entertaining娱乐；D. volunteering志愿。根据后文“at a community center with poor conditions that stuck with me”以及下文提到了和孩子们一起玩，去他们家里，可知作者是在做志愿者。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这让我真正地与当地人建立了联系——和孩子们一起玩耍，参观他们的家。A. connect with联系；B. focus on集中；C. get to到达；D. make out理解。根据后文“playing with kids and visiting their homes.”可知，作者去了当地人的家里，和孩子们一起玩耍，参观他们的家，和当地人建立了联系。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些经历让我大开眼界。A. challenging挑战性的；B. eye-opening开眼界的；C. pleasing令人快乐的；D. heart-warming感人的。根据后文“I found almost every aspect of their life looked nothing like mine.(我发现他们生活的方方面面和我完全不一样)”可知，这些经历让作者大开眼界。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：但我没有感到不安和退缩，而是学会了欣赏这种多样性，主动提出试穿他们的衣服，学习他们的文化。A. as for至于；B. regardless of不管；C. except for除了；D. instead of而不是。根据后文“trying their clothes and learning their culture”可知，作者选择了欣赏和尝试，而不是感到不安和退缩。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我没有感到不安和退缩，而是学会了欣赏这种多样性，主动提出试穿他们的衣服，学习他们的文化。A. value价值；B. process程序；C. diversity多样性；D. innovation创新。呼应上文“I found almost every aspect of their lives looked nothing like mine. (我发现他们生活的方方面面和我完全不一样)”指当地人生活的多样性。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：坦桑尼亚人非常乐观；看到他们所拥有的东西如此之少，却如此快乐，我大吃一惊。A. achievements成就；B. possessions财产；C. arguments争论；D. demands要求。根据后文“they had but how happy they were”以及上文提到是到贫困社区去当志愿者，所以此处是指坦桑尼亚人很贫穷，他们拥有的财产很少。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然，我很高兴在那几周后回到家，但我相信这不会是我冒险的结束。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Simply仅仅。结合上文可知，这次经历让作者打开眼界，所以作者自然在几周后高兴地回家了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自然，我很高兴在那几周后回到家，但我相信这不会是我冒险的结束。A. end结束；B. meaning意义；C. result结果；D. advantage优势。根据后文“meet people from different backgrounds, and continue helping others”可知，作者还会接着去冒险，所以说这次经历不会是作者冒险的结束。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我将探索更多的土地，遇到来自不同背景的人，并继续向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手，因为看到他们脸上的微笑是一种任何东西都无法比拟的感觉。A. discover发现；B. service名词，服务；C. leave离开；D. explore探索。根据后文“more lands, meet people from different backgrounds, and continue helping others”可知，这一次冒险不是作者的结束，作者将探索更多的土地，遇到来自不同背景的人，并继续向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我将探索更多的土地，遇到来自不同背景的人，并继续向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手，因为看到他们脸上的微笑是一种任何东西都无法比拟的感觉。A. expressed表达；B. limited限制；C. matched匹配，比得上；D. described描述。根据上文“seeing the smiles on their faces is a feeling that cannot be”可知，看到他们脸上的微笑是一种任何东西都无法比拟的感觉，match此处理解为“比得上”。故选C。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___36___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___37___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___38___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___39___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___40___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___41___ (intend) for everyone.
___42___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___43___ saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___44___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still _____45_____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】36. to teach
37. sixth 38. as
39. where 40. borrowing
41. intended
42. Different
43. for 44. warning
45. be employed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
【37题详解】
考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
【45题详解】
考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。从句主语a simple literal form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。
【点睛】
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信的开头，结束语已为你写好。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Alex,　　
Hearing that you will return to your country soon, I feel a bit upset. But meanwhile, I want to send my sincere gratitude for your kind help with my English learning.　　
I still remember what you have devoted to improving my oral English and English writing. Besides, you also frankly shared your learning experience with me. Additionally, without your help, I would not have been a top student in English and would not have won the English Speech Contest. All in all, words fail to express my thankfulness to you.　　
I do hope that you will have a bright future and that our friendship will last forever!　　
Yours,　　
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给即将返回自己国家的朋友Alex写一封邮件，对于他经常帮助自己学习表示感谢并表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
沮丧的：upset→distressed/frustrated
诚挚的：sincere→genuine
此外：besides→what’s more
比赛：contest→competition
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additionally, without your help, I would not have been a top student in English and would not have won the English Speech Contest.
拓展句：Additionally, if it had not been for your help, I would not have been a top student in English and would not have won the English Speech Contest.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that you will return to your country soon, I feel a bit upset.（运用了非谓语动词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, without your help, I would not have been a top student in English and would not have won the English Speech Contest.（运用了含蓄条件句的虚拟语气）
第二节（满分20分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ella’s First Fashion Creation
Ella was wearing a new dress and she felt like a famous model, Even better, it was a dress she made! Her very first piece of fashion!
“What do you think ” she asked her family. They were all gathered at the kitchen table for breakfast. “It’s very pretty. I can’t believe you designed and sewed that all by yourself!” Mom said.“I’m so proud of you! How long did that take ”Dad asked. Ella pulled out her chair and sat down.“Two weeks! But I think I could make the next one faster. I had a few problems.
Ella smiled. She had so many problems making the dress, but right now it was all worth it. It was going to be a great day.
The kids at school weren’t quite as excited about her dress as she thought they would be, but she did get some nice comments from some of the girls, so she was happy about that. The day went by quickly, and before she knew it, she was outside for the last break of the day. What a perfect day, she thought to herself as she swung on the swings.
The school bell rang and the break was over. When the swing was close to stopping, Ella jumped off. When she landed, she heard a loud rip (撕裂). She moved her hand to the back of her dress. It was ripped all the way down the back! Her very first fashion creation fell apart! Ella was so embarrassed.
Ella spotted her teacher, Miss Miller, near the door. Ella took one hand from her dress and waved for Miss Miller to come to her. Miss Miller came up and looked at the back of Ella’s dress.“Oh no! And it is such a beautiful dress!” “I made it myself,” Ella said. “You must be very proud! You did a great job!” “Not really. Or it wouldn’t have ripped.” “Well, that happens sometimes. Even with clothes you buy in the store!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on. She helped Ella up and walked her back to the classroom. As soon as she sat down, she heard a girl laughing at her torn clothes. Ella was very sad and felt very defeated. Miss Miller came to Ella and said, "Your clothes are very beautiful. You shouldn't deny yourself because it is broken.". After hearing this, Ella called her mother and asked her mother to pick her up. Because her clothes were broken, she couldn't walk home by herself. When her mother came, she saw what had happened and was distressed.
“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom. “When the problem arises, we should find a way to solve the problem instead of complaining about ourselves. Now your dress is broken and you just need to sew it”. After saying that, mother took out the sewing bag and handed it to Ella, who took over the sewing bag and nodded to her mother. Then she stitched up the broken part of the dress.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾拉自己设计制作了一条裙子，家里人都夸漂亮，她把裙子穿到了学校，从秋千上下来的时候，她的裙子破了，她叫来了米勒小姐来帮她。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“米勒小姐脱下毛衣，帮埃拉穿上。”可知，第一段可描写米勒小姐带艾拉回教室并安慰她。
②由第二段首句内容““我们无法避免问题，”妈妈说。”可知，第二段可描写艾拉的妈妈鼓励艾拉解决问题。
2.续写线索：回教室——安慰——叫来妈妈——妈妈鼓励——缝好
3.词汇激活
行为类
①坐下：sit down/be seated
②否定：deny/negate
③解决：solve/settle
④缝：sew/stitch
情绪类
①伤心：sad/upset
②忧虑的：distressed/worried
【点睛】[高分句型1]As soon as she sat down, she heard a girl laughing at her torn clothes.（由连接词as soon as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]After saying that, mother took out the sewing bag and handed it to Ella, who took over the sewing bag and nodded to her mother.（由关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）连云港外国语学校高三年级第一次阶段考试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍
例：How much is the shirt A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 15. C. ￡9. 18. 答案是B。
1. When does the man want to meet Mr. Clark
A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
2. What will the woman do tomorrow
A. Go to the bank.
B. Take a trip to California.
C. Lend some money to the man.
3. What does the boy think of his parents
A. Open-minded. B. Generous. C. Strict.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Which dress to buy. B. How to choose a dress. C. What to wear to the party.
5. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a restaurant. B. At a supermarket. C. At the woman’s house.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6 What is the woman going to do
A. See a film. B. Visit a park. C. Go shopping.
7. Which bus will the woman take
A. Bus number 112. B. Bus number 113. C. Bus number 153.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What worries the man at first
A. He can’t enjoy his trip with painful feet.
B. He has no time to travel with his family.
C. He doesn’t want to visit Paris this summer.
9. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Visit another city. B. Take a boat trip. C. Go on a walk tour.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. For whom does the man want to rent a flat
A. Himself. B. His family. C. He and his friends.
11. What is the man’s job
A. He is a college student.
B. He works in a car factory.
C. He works in the central bank.
12. How many bedrooms does the man prefer to have
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers
A. In a theater. B. In a studio. C. In a cinema.
14. What does Peter think of classical plays
A. They are boring. B. They are challenging. C. They are wonderful.
15. What helps Peter remember the words in a play
A. The talent he was born with.
B. The training he got at university.
C. The experience he gained on stage.
16. How does Peter feel about watching his performances on TV
A. Satisfied. B. Embarrassed. C. Disappointed.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who did the speaker go on a cookery course with
A. Her cousin. B. Her sister. C. Her mother.
18. Which course did the speaker choose
A. The one-day course. B. The three-day course. C. The one-week course.
19. What surprised the speaker when she started her course
A. The course was popular.
B. There were many teenagers.
C. Many teachers were there to help.
20. Which place did the speaker visit
A. A restaurant. B. A market. C. A supermarket
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Luxury (奢华的) Costa Rica
This grand adventure through Costa Rica offers the perfect combination of luxury travel and thrilling encounters with the natural world. Travelers will visit the impressing Arenal Volcano, the magical Monteverde Cloud Forests, and the mysterious Manuel Antonio National Park.
★Accommodation in 4-star hotels with a Certification for Sustainable Tourism
★ Nature Guide
★Max. 14 participants
★Comfortable, private transportation
★Guaranteed departures
Look forward to seeing fascinating creatures in their natural habitats, relaxing on beautiful, unspoiled beaches, and spending your nights in high-quality accommodations. Whether you dream of whitewater rafting on rapid rivers, kayaking through forests, relaxing in natural hot springs, or hiking through lush (茂盛的) rain forests—this trip has something for you!
If you have ever considered visiting the picturesque country of Costa Rica then look no further than Sprachcaffe Travel and find out everything you need to know right here. If you have any further question, our friendly and informed staff are more than willing to help!
What’s Included
★Comfortable hotels with 4 stars
★8 breakfasts, 6 dinners
★Transfers in air-conditioned (mini) bus
★Entrance fees and guided tour of Manuel Antonio National Park
★Guided visit to Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve
★Hot springs, natural pools
★El Trapiche sugar cane and coffee
★English-speaking naturalist guide throughout, local guides
1. According to the passage, what does the travel ticket include
A. Any breakfast and dinner in hotels. B. A visit to Manual Antonio National Park.
C Transfers in air-conditioned private cars. D. The money you give waiters or waitresses.
2. What can visitors do in the travel
A. Relaxing in artificial hot springs in lush rain forest.
B. Enjoying high-quality accommodations in 5-star hotels.
C. Experiencing close contact with nature and wildlife.
D. Having awesome hiking in the impressing Arenal Volcano.
3. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A travel journal.
C. A research article. D. An advertisement
B
Laurie Horam never thought of himself as musical. At home, his dad never listened to music, while one of his boarding school teachers labelled him tone deaf. But last month he started to play the harmonica (口琴)on the streets of Bradford. People clapped, danced and threw coins into his case for the local food bank. Horam caught himself thinking. “How, at the age of 79, do I come to be playing music to people on the streets ”
The question preoccupied him, because, some years ago at a family gathering, Gavin, his eldest son, said: “You know what, Dad It can’t be coincidental. We must have got our musical abilities from you.” Horam has three sons and they cover a range of instruments. He was surprised. “There can’t be music in me, because I can’t play! ”he said.
Eight years ago, Horam, a retired civil servant, was on his way back from a trip with his family. Gavin stopped at a music shop. He walked out and said: “Here you are. I bought this for you, Dad. It’s a harmonica. I’ll try to show you how to play a bit.”
They went to a session at their local pub. Gavin played the guitar and Horam sat in the corner with his harmonica, trying to make a sound that no one would hear. After six months, he was invited into the group. He discovered a talent for improvisation(即兴表演),responding to a note within a millisecond without batting an eyelid. “I don’t play by ear. I play by heart.” Actually, Horam says: “My harmonica plays me-how I feel, what I am, what I’ve been.”
Music has enriched life with friendship and made Horam feel “part of something much bigger” than himself. “At a time when the circle of life might be shrinking, mine is expanding,” he says. “Maybe we never know completely who we are or what we can do.”
4. Why did Horam play the harmonica on the streets of Bradford
A. To recall the good old days.
B. To beg food from passers-by.
C. To live his childhood dream.
D. To collect money for charity.
5. What is Gavin’s attitude to his father’s musical ability
A. Positive.
B. Disapproving.
C. Doubtful.
D. Unclear.
6. What does playing the harmonica allow Horam to do
A. Enjoy the quiet.
B. Listen to his heart.
C. Express himself.
D. Sharpen his hearing.
7. What does music bring to Horam
A. A lost soul.
B. A comfortable life.
C. A broader circle of life.
D. A new perception of family.
C
IQ is often regarded as a crucial driver of success, particularly in fields such as science, innovation and technology. But the truth is that some of the greatest achievements by our species have primarily relied on what scientists call “cognitive flexibility”.
Cognitive flexibility is a skill that enables us to switch between different concepts, or to adapt behavior to achieve goals in a novel or changing environment. And the good news is that it can be trained. Currently, a group of researchers from Cambridge University are conducting a research, trying to work out how people can best boost their cognitive flexibility.
Cognitive flexibility may have affected how people coped with the pandemic lockdowns, which produced new challenges around work and schooling. Some people may have changed their routines from time to time, trying to find better and more varied ways of going about their day. Others, however, struggled and finally became more rigid in their thinking. They stuck to the same routine activities, with little flexibility or change.
Flexible thinking is key to creativity. It also supports academic and work skills such as problem solving. Unlike working memory, it is largely independent of IQ. For example, many visual artists may be of average intelligence, but highly creative and have produced masterpieces.
So does cognitive flexibility make people smarter in a way that isn’t always captured on IQ tests We know that it leads to better rational thinking throughout the lifespan. For example, for children it leads to better reading abilities and better school performance.
It can also help protect against a number of prejudice. People who are cognitively flexible are better at recognizing potential faults in themselves and using strategies to overcome these faults.
Cognitive flexibility is essential for society to flourish. It can help maximize the potential of individuals to create innovative ideas and creative inventions. Ultimately, it is such qualities that we need to solve the big challenges of today.
8. What is the purpose of the research conducted by Cambridge University researchers
A. To clarify people’s misunderstanding about cognitive flexibility.
B. To figure out the relationship between IQ and cognitive flexibility.
C. To explore effective ways to improve people’s cognitive flexibility.
D. To make out the benefits of increasing people’s cognitive flexibility.
9. What will cognitively flexible people probably do to deal with new challenges
A. Stick to their original plan. B. Handle new problems rigidly.
C. Adjust their thoughts and behavior. D. Apply creative ideas to improve their IQ.
10. What can we learn about cognitive flexibility
A. It is closely related to people’s IQ. B. It is an unchangeable inborn quality.
C. It helps people avoid reasonable thinking. D. It helps people make greater achievements.
11. What do the last three paragraphs mainly talk about
A. Applications of cognitive flexibility. B. Benefits of cognitive flexibility.
C. Experiments on cognitive flexibility. D. Definitions of cognitive flexibility.
D
Tetraplegic paticnts (those who can’t move their upper or lower body) are prisoners of their own bodies. Now a robot arm is to help them interact with their world. This research was completed by researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). Professor Aude Billard and Jose del R. Millan worked together to create a computer program that can control a robot using electrical signals from a patient’s brain.
First, the user wears an EEG cap to have their electrical signals inside their brain scanned(扫 描)effectively, which are then interpreted by the machine-learning algorithm (算法).The computer then sends signals to the robot arm to determine how it moves. As the robot arm performs a motion,the algorithm is looking to get feedback from the user when it makes a mistake: perhaps it moved too fast, or too violently. The end goal is that the robot can learn the right movements for a task in a given context. For example, you might want the arm to use a bit of force to throw a paper ball, but you might want it to be gentler when putting glass bottles.
In the team’s research, they trained the robot arm to pick up a glass. The arm would move towards the glass and the user’s brain would decide if they felt it was too close or too far away. The process is repeated until the robot understands the optimal route for the individual’s preference - not too close to be a risk but not so far away to waste movement.
“Training an algorithm to read brain waves in a consistent fashion was the most challenging part, because the brain is not only focused on the hand but also processing many other things,” said Millan. “This means our algorithm will never be 100 % accurate.”
The researchers hope to eventually use their algorithm to control wheelchairs, which would allow people in wheelchairs to have greater control over their movements, speeds and general safety. However, this does require consistency over time to the algorithm.
12. Which paragraph mentions the working process
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2. C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
13. What does the underlined word “optimal” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Indirect. B. Best. C. Regular. D. Alternative.
14. How can the accuracy of reading brain waves be improved
A. By controlling people’s brain. B. By ensuring general safety.
C. By processing other information. D. By gaining data continuously.
15. What could be the best title of the text
A. This robot arm can read your mind.
B. Robot arms control your movement.
C. Algorithm finds cure for the disabled.
D. Machine-learning algorithm can train robots.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Our group was about to board a plane. I was ____21____, not because of flying, but because of what waited for me in my ____22____. “I could turn around now,” I said to myself. “Nobody would ____23____ me. There are choices open to me.” But I’d never turned away from adventure, so ____24____ the rest of the group, I got on the plane to Tanzania Little did I know I would be ____25____ by the next weeks at that moment.
The travel was part of a university program. We did many exciting things there, but it was our time of ____26____ at a community center with poor conditions that stuck with me. It allowed me to truly ____27____ the locals — playing with kids and visiting their homes. These experiences were ____28____. I found almost every aspect of their lives looked nothing like mine. But ____29____ being uneasy and backing away, I learned to appreciate the ____30____, trying their clothes and learning their culture. The Tanzanians were so positive, seeing how few ____31____ they had and how happy they were blew my mind.
____32____, I was happy to return home after those weeks, but I was confident that it wouldn’t be the ____33____ of my adventure. I knew I would ____34____ more lands, meet people from different backgrounds, and continue helping others, because seeing the smiles on their faces makes me have a feeling that cannot be ____35____ by anything else.
21. A. disappointed B. proud C. excited D. scared
22. A. group B. home C. destination D. university
23. A. blame B. understand C. support D. doubt
24. A. persuading B. contacting C. following D. ignoring
25. A. consumed B. shaped C. bothered D. welcomed
26. A. learning B. researching C. entertaining D. volunteering
27. A. connect with B. focus on C. get to D. make out
28. A. challenging B. eye-opening C. pleasing D. heart-warming
29. A. as for B. regardless of C. except for D. instead of
30. A. value B. process C. diversity D. innovation
31. A. achievements B. possessions C. arguments D. demands
32. A. Gradually B. Naturally C. Hopefully D. Simply
33. A. end B. meaning C. result D. advantage
34. A. discover B. service C. leave D. explore
35. A. expressed B. limited C. matched D. described
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___36___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___37___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___38___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___39___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___40___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___41___ (intend) for everyone.
___42___ (difference) from traditional fables Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___43___ saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___44___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still _____45_____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3. 临别祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 信的开头，结束语已为你写好。
Dear Alex,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分20分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Ella’s First Fashion Creation
Ella was wearing a new dress and she felt like a famous model, Even better, it was a dress she made! Her very first piece of fashion!
“What do you think ” she asked her family. They were all gathered at the kitchen table for breakfast. “It’s very pretty. I can’t believe you designed and sewed that all by yourself!” Mom said.“I’m so proud of you! How long did that take ”Dad asked. Ella pulled out her chair and sat down.“Two weeks! But I think I could make the next one faster. I had a few problems.
Ella smiled. She had so many problems making the dress, but right now it was all worth it. It was going to be a great day.
The kids at school weren’t quite as excited about her dress as she thought they would be but she did get some nice comments from some of the girls, so she was happy about that. The day went by quickly, and before she knew it, she was outside for the last break of the day. What a perfect day, she thought to herself as she swung on the swings.
The school bell rang and the break was over. When the swing was close to stopping, Ella jumped off. When she landed, she heard a loud rip (撕裂). She moved her hand to the back of her dress. It was ripped all the way down the back! Her very first fashion creation fell apart! Ella was so embarrassed.
Ella spotted her teacher, Miss Miller, near the door. Ella took one hand from her dress and waved for Miss Miller to come to her. Miss Miller came up and looked at the back of Ella’s dress.“Oh no! And it is such a beautiful dress!” “I made it myself,” Ella said. “You must be very proud! You did a great job!” “Not really. Or it wouldn’t have ripped.” “Well, that happens sometimes. Even with clothes you buy in the store!”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________