2024 年高考英语一轮复习测试卷一(北京卷) 本试卷共 100 分。考试时长 100 分钟
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完型填空(共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 份，共 15 份)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
选项涂黑。
Bernard, the 82-year-old retired police officer, was heartbroken when he ____ 1____ his precious medal. His house was broken into last December. The thief took away some jewelry, some cash and his treasured medal given for his 32 years of ____2____ with Liverpool Police Station. He believed the medal was gone forever.
Three months later, David, a young volunteer pulled the medal from a river in a “one-in-a-million” catch. The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) to ____3____ metal rubbish out of the river for 30 minutes when he found a small blue metal box.
“I would have never found the medal if we hadn’t ____4____ all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we found old bits of shopping carts and other metal items but about half an hour later, I pulled out the ____5____ , and it’s got ‘Police Long Service Medal’ written on it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
____6____ , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used to ____7____ the senior’s phone number online. The retired police officer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been found in a river, still in its metal box. And when he was told it would be ____9____ to him by the young man who found it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit to meet Bernard and returned the medal to him.
“This was truly the best _____ 10_____ for cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1. A. damaged B. lost C. sold D. dirtied
2. A. business B. communication C. cooperation D. service
3. A. net B. site C. cup D. fish
4. A. tackled B. deserted C. recycled D. buried
5. A. magnet B. rubbish C. box D. jewelry
6. A. Apparently B. Thankfully C. Gradually D. Consequently
7. A. track B. recall C. record D. dial
8. A. nervous B. astonished C. proud D. embarrassed
9. A. awarded B. submitted C. presented D. addressed
10. A. drive B. proof C. wish D. reward
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang was born and grew up in America, but she____ 11____(build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of ____ 12____ (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. “I love hanfu. I’ve made many videos,____ 13____(aim) to help more people learn about it,” Wang told Beijing Review.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they____ 14____ (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however ____ 15____(use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy,_____ 16_____is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas_____ 17_____ (locate) far from a power grid (电网).
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears____ 18____(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team
then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners____ 19____being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out____20____dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题，每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
To help new students, the International Business Institute (IBI) plans to set up a buddy (伙伴) peer support project. The project will help new students meet current students at IBI who can provide them with some friendly company during their first months in Newcastle and help them with any small problems that they may have.
What’s in it for you
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.
Responsibilities of buddies
·Telephone and arrange to make contact with the new student.
·Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area. Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.
·Arrange to meet the new student one morning or afternoon one weekend early in the semester, and take the student to places that you enjoy in Newcastle.
·Be prepared to take phone calls from the new student to answer further questions that he/she may have from time to time. Meet to explain information to the new student in person, if required.
·You will be matched to an individual new student. However, if you have friends who are also buddies, you might prefer to form a support group together. This would mean that you meet the new students as a group rather than one-on-one.
·Being a buddy is voluntary. There is no “requirement” to provide assistance beyond the help outlined above.
Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy you will be expected to fulfil your role
,
conscientiously and cheerfully. It will be important to be considerate and reliable so that the student can feel confident in your support.
21. According to the passage, what benefit can you get from being a buddy
A. You can learn how to be a confident person. B. It is easy for you to find some friendly company.
C. You can be rewarded with both money and prizes. D. It may be helpful for your future studies and career.
22. As a buddy, you need to ________.
A. form a support group with other volunteers at IBI
B. provide assistance in studying each subject after class
C. meet the new student every morning early in the semester
D. help the new student get familiar with his or her surroundings
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To introduce campus life for new students.
B. To attract potential volunteers to be peer supporters.
C. To offer an opportunity to practise speaking English.
D. To provide some information about studying overseas.
B
I was four when Dad first showed me how to skim stones, a game in which one throws smooth flat stones into a river to make them jump across the surface. I’d pass hours on beaches with my brother, picking up muddy stones and skimming them. It was satisfying making them dance on the surface. That perfect skim, where the stone glided ( 滑行), brought me fantastic feelings-and still does. I was a competitive child and good at throwing. I enjoyed javelin (标枪) and was on a baseball team, but skimming stones was just for fun.
In adulthood, things changed. In August 2017, an advertisement for the All England Open Stone Skimming Championships drew my attention. I signed up and paid 2 for three stones. I skimmed 28 metres and tried again and again, buying more stones to feed my desire, finally reaching 37 metres, which won me third place. I drove home excitedly, and 20 lighter.
I returned to the 2018 championship, hoping for a champion. Walking on to the small throwing platform in my trainers, I threw a decent 44 metres and won. I spotted someone wearing a competition sweater with “World” written across it. “Where’s that ” I asked and he told me about the annual World Stone Skimming Championships in Scotland.
It was a month away and a six-hour drive. I thought about the cost and distance for weeks until, the day before the contest, the feeling of winning made a decision for me. “I’m going. ”I arrived at a hotel at 10 pm, but couldn’t sleep for nerves and excitement. Early the next morning, I drove to the crossing where the competitors had begun waiting. Ropes and buoys (浮标) marked a 63-metre couarse. I had no idea if my best score was good enough to win. When my name was called at the prize-giving ceremony that afternoon, I was overjoyed. I was the women’s world champion.
I’m a big believer in giving things a go. I’m 42, and to become a world champion at this stage is pretty left-field. It showed me it was worth jumping in the car that day, and proof that a childhood spent throwing muddy stones from beaches wasn’t wasted.
24. What did the author enjoy about the stone skimming as a child
A. The competitiveness of the sport. B. The outstanding ability at throwing.
C. The satisfaction the glide of the stone brings. D. The fun time she spent with her dad at the beach.
25. What mainly helped the author all the way through every championship
A. Her discipline. B. Her desire to win.
C. Her confidence. D. Her efforts on training.
26. What can we conclude from the passage
A. Take it easy in face of challenges. B. Change the world by being yourself.
C. A bigger stage is ready for those who try. D. Either I will find a way, or I will make one.
C
I recently attended a wedding in a rural area in north Italy, and guests were provided with a car and driver for the 90-minute journey into the hills. That was exciting: A private car! I could pretend I was rich! Since I’m not, though, I had no idea how much this trip actually cost. As a result, after our driver picked us back up at midnight, I secretly worried all the way home about tipping him.
I fished around nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note, which I was keeping for an emergency. I had nothing smaller. And I had nothing else to offer but two chocolates from the wedding. So, I could tip the driver that $100 note or two chocolates. In the end, I chose the money.
The whole matter of tipping has long been a source of awkward interactions — and, for some travellers, mild anxiety — throughout the world. Tipping customs vary wildly from country to country. A friend in Rome tells me that Italians get hurt by big tips. “Leaving a big tip is considered impolite,” she adds, “I’ve had Italian friends make
me take money back.”
It reminded me of my 100-dollar tip. What if I had annoyed the driver So I decided to call the car company and ask them to pass on a message to the driver apologizing for the improper tip and explaining the situation.
To my surprise, the car company responded that the driver had actually called to express his gratitude for the unexpected big tip. He had apparently been having a tough week and the money had come at just the right time.
I was astonished. All my worry had been for nothing. What started out as a source of anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that sometimes it’s better to go with your feelings and be generous, even if it means taking a risk.
27. What did the author realize when she dug around in her purse
A. She had spent 100 dollars on emergency.
B. She had to ask the driver for smaller changes.
C. She had nothing but two chocolates to offer the driver.
D. She had no smaller notes and might tip too high or too low.
28. Why did the author mention the tipping in Italy
A. To compare different tipping customs.
B. To share a personal story of her friend.
C. To show the possibility of upsetting the driver.
D. To demonstrate her rich knowledge on tipping.
29. What was the driver’s response to the tipping
A. He was annoyed by the large tip. B. He appreciated the author’s generosity.
C. He was grateful and refused the money. D. He was upset by the awkward interaction.
30. What can we conclude from the passage
A. Good things are possible when you follow your heart.
B. You’d better think carefully before taking action.
C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
D. A penny saved is a penny earned.
D
Technology seems to discourage slow, immersive reading. Reading on a screen, particularly a phone screen, tires your eyes and makes it harder for you to keep your place. So online writing tends to be more skimmable and
list-like than print. The cognitive neuroscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, game-changing transformation” in how readers process words. The neuronal circuit that sustains the brain’s capacity to read now favors the rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn to read more skillfully. From about the age of nine, our eyes start to bounce around the page, reading only about a quarter of the words properly, and filling in the gaps by inference. Nor is there anything new in these fears about declining attention spans. So far, the anxieties have proved to be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,” the American author Selvin Brown wrote. “No one ever said that poems were evidence of short attention spans.”
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. For a start, it means that there is more to read, because more people than ever are writing. If you time travelled just a few decades into the past, you would wonder at how little writing was happening outside a classroom. And digital writing is meant for rapid release and response. An online article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published. This mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But often it treats other people’s words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder to say something else. Everyone talks over the top of everyone else, desperate to be heard.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a social good and source of personal achievement. But this advocacy often emphasizes “enthusiastic”, “passionate” or “eager” reading, none of which adjectives suggest slow, quiet absorption.
To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in the words and their slow comprehension of a line of thought. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he has done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too tenacious for any new technology to destroy. We often assume that technological change can’t be stopped and happens in one direction, so that older media like
“dead-tree” books are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle has not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin Brown’s opinion
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
32. The author would probably agree that .
A. advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading
B. digital writing leads to too much speaking and not enough reflection
C. the public should be aware of the impact skimming has on neuronal circuits
D. the number of Internet readers is declining due to the advances of technology
33. What does the underlined word “tenacious” in Paragraph 6 probably mean
A. Comprehensive. B. Complicated. C. Determined. D. Apparent.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Slow Reading Is Here to Stay
B. Digital Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C. Screen vs. Print: Which Requires Deep Reading
D. Reading Is Not a Race: The Wonder of Deep Reading
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).___35___. It can help you process what you’ve been through and assist you as you envision a path forward.
Why does a writing intervention work ___36___In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety “frees up” cognitive resources. When you write down the emotions associated with a traumatic experience, you may be changing the way it is organized in the brain. You are then able to detach from the emotion, making it easier for you to talk about and process the event.
However, for most people, the thought of acknowledging emotions and admitting that there’s something wrong with us is difficult. This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.___37___That is what sets journaling apart. This is between you and your journal — you don’t have to share it with anyone unless, of course, you choose to.
If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.___38___Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it. Use all your senses. Now, write about that object and see how large its meaning can become.
___39___How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well. It all depends on what works best for you. Remember, one size does not fit all. Writing may not work for everyone, but you won’t know if
you don’t try.
A. Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.
B. Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C. Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.
D. It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect.
E. Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life.
F. It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.
G. Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，共 32 分)
第一节 阅读表达(共 4 小题，第 40 、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Over the years I have been fascinated to read about studies into the power of touch.
One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense for me that offering hugs to calm victims may be an instinct that we got from primate ancestors.
Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. Is it any wonder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek out the same things Whether young or old, humans are wired to be touched.
Nevertheless, many people today suffer from “touch hunger”, which typically occurs when a person experiences little touch or contact for a long time. It serves as a warning that the sense of security and care that comes with the contact of touch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is associated with greater stress, anxiety and loneliness, and lower-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger” . A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.
Be a giver!
40. What did the first study find about touch
____________________________________________________________
41. Why is touch important
____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Touch has the great power to give people who suffer from “touch hunger“ strong emotional experiences, but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
____________________________________________________________
43. Apart from touch, what other way(s) do you often use to express your love and care in your life (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________
第二节: 书面表达(共一题，20 分)
44. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问， 你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍主要活动安排；
3.表达美好祝愿。
注意： 1.词数 100 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dearfriends,2024 年高考英语一轮复习测试卷一(北京卷) 本试卷共 100 分。考试时长 100 分钟
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30 分)
第一节 完型填空(共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 份，共 15 份)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该 选项涂黑。
(2023 届北京市东城区高三一模)
Bernard, the 82-year-old retired police officer, was heartbroken when he ____ 1____ his precious medal. His house was broken into last December. The thief took away some jewelry, some cash and his treasured medal given for his 32 years of ____2____ with Liverpool Police Station. He believed the medal was gone forever.
Three months later, David, a young volunteer pulled the medal from a river in a “one-in-a-million” catch. The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) to ____3____ metal rubbish out of the river for 30 minutes when he found a small blue metal box.
“I would have never found the medal if we hadn’t ____4____ all the rubbish in the river first,” said David. “At first, we found old bits of shopping carts and other metal items but about half an hour later, I pulled out the ____5____ , and it’s got ‘Police Long Service Medal’ written on it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆).”
____6____ , the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number, which David used to ____7____ the senior’s phone number online. The retired police officer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been found in a river, still in its metal box. And when he was told it would be ____9____ to him by the young man who found it, his face lit up. David then planned a visit to meet Bernard and returned the medal to him.
“This was truly the best _____ 10_____ for cleaning up that rubbish... It’s amazing,” David said.
1. A. damaged B. lost C. sold D. dirtied
2. A. business B. communication C. cooperation D. service
3. A. net
4. A. tackled
5. A. magnet
6. A. Apparently
7. A. track
8. A. nervous
9. A. awarded
10. A. drive
【答案】 1. B 2. D
B. site
B. deserted
B. rubbish
B. Thankfully
B. recall
B. astonished
B. submitted
B. proof
3. D 4. A
5. C
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
(
C
).
6. B
cup
recycled
box
Gradually
record
proud
presented
wish
7. A
D. fish
D. buried
D. jewelry
D. Consequently
D. dial
D. embarrassed
D. addressed
D. reward
8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】本文为一记叙文。退休警察贝尔纳家遭小偷光顾，丢失的物件包括他珍贵的勋章，三个月后，利 物浦参加垃圾清理计划的志愿者大卫在河道清理时，意外打捞到装有勋章的盒子，并按照上面的信息，找
到了他，并交还给了他。
1 考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝尔纳是一名 82 岁的退休警察， 他失去了珍贵的勋章， 伤心欲绝。 A. damaged 损坏；B. lost 丢失；C. sold 出售；D. dirtied 弄脏。根据第一段“The thief took away some jewelry, some cash and his treasured medal given for his 32 years of ____2____ with Liverpool Police Station. (小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现 金和他因在利物浦警察局工作 32 年而获得的珍贵勋章。 )”可知，小偷偷了贝尔纳的勋章，所以贝尔纳失去 了(lost)勋章。故选 B 项。
2 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小偷偷走了一些珠宝、现金和他因在利物浦警察局任职 32 年而获得的珍贵勋 章。 A. business 业务；B. communication 沟通；C. cooperation 合作；D. service 服务。根据句中的 his treasured medal given for his 32 years 可知， 这个勋章是因为他多年的工作而得到的， 此处考查名词 serve ，意为“长期、 受到敬重的工作，效劳，服务”，常用名词短语 service with…，意为“在……任职，工作”，故选 D 项。
3 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用一块大磁铁从河里打捞金属垃圾 30 分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属 盒子。 A. net 净赚；B. site 使坐落在；C. cup 做成杯状；D. fish 搜寻，摸找。此处考查动词短语 fish sth out of sth，意为“从…… 中取出， 拿出， 拖出……”，根据上一句“The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。 )”，磁铁可以吸附一些金属， 故这位年轻人用磁铁吸 附河道里的金属垃圾，以清理河道。故选 D 项。
4 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有先处理河里的所有垃圾，我永远不会找到勋章。A. tackled 处理；
B. deserted 遗弃；C. recycled 回收；D. buried 掩埋。根据上文“The young man was in a litter clean-up programme in Liverpool. He had been using a large magnet (磁铁) to ____3____ metal rubbish out of the river for 30 minutes
when he found a small blue metal box. (这名年轻人正在利物浦参加垃圾清理计划。他用一块大磁铁从河里打 捞金属垃圾 30 分钟后，他发现了一个蓝色的小金属盒子。 )”可知，这个垃圾清理计划包括了清理河道里的 金属垃圾， tackled 符合语境。故选 A 项。
5 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们发现了购物车和其他金属物品的旧碎片，但大约半小时后，我拽出 一个盒子，上面写着“警察长期服务勋章”，真的就像大海捞针一样。 A. magnet 磁铁；B. rubbish 垃圾；C. box 盒子； D. jewelry 珠宝。根据下文“The retired police officer was ____8____ when he received a call saying the medal had been found in a river, still in its metal box. (当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章 还装在金属盒子里，他非常惊讶。 )”可知，勋章存放在盒子(box)里。故选 C 项。
6 考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了 这位前辈的电话号码。 A. Apparently 显然； B. Thankfully 谢天谢地； C. Gradually 逐渐； D. Consequently 因 此。能够通过勋章上的信息找到失主，是一件庆幸的事， Thankfully 符合语境。故选 B 项。
7 考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，奖章上刻着伯纳德的名字和奖章号码，大卫用它在网上追踪了 这位前辈的电话号码。A. track 追查；B. recall 回想起；C. record 记录；D. dial 拨号。句中的 the medal was carved with Bernard’s name and the medal number 可知，勋章上的信息方便 David 追查(track) 到失主的电话号码。 故选 A 项。
8 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：(当这位退休警官接到电话说勋章在河里被发现时，勋章还装在金属盒子里， 他非常惊讶。 A. nervous 紧张的；B. astonished 惊讶的；C. proud 骄傲的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据第一 段最后一句“Hebelieved the medal was gone forever. (他以为奖章永远消失了。 )”可知，原本伯纳德认为，勋 章再也找不回来了，但现在有人打电话告知勋章的下落，他惊讶，在情理之中。故选 B 项。
9 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他被告知发现它的年轻人将把它交给他时， 他的脸上露出了笑容。 A. awarded 授予；B. submitted 屈服；C. presented 提交，交给；D. addressed 致辞。根据下文“David then planned a visit to meet Bernard and returned the medal to him. (随后， 大卫计划去拜访伯纳德， 并把奖章还给了他。)”可知，David 不但找到了失主，还亲自把勋章交给了(presented)他。故选 C 项。
10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是清理垃圾的最好回报。A. drive 驱动；B. proof 证明；C. wish 愿望；
D. reward 奖励， 回报。根据下文“It’s amazing (这事令人惊奇)”，上文“I pulled out the ____5____ , and it’s got ‘Police Long Service Medal’ written on it, It really was like finding a needle in a haystack (干草堆). (我拽出一个 盒子， 上面写着‘警察长期服务勋章’，真的就像大海捞针一样。 )”可知， 清理河道金属垃圾的过程中， 意外 发现勋章，并归还失主，实属意料之外的好事， reward 符合语境。故选 D 项。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
(2023 届北京市丰台区高三一模)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang was born and grew up in America, but she____ 11____(build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. She is now riding a new trend: mixing and matching modern clothes with traditional Han dress, or hanfu. She has been posting videos of ____ 12____ (she) dressed in hanfu on the Internet, which has attracted many fans on Chinese lifestyle. “I love hanfu. I’ve made many videos,____ 13____(aim) to help more people learn about it,” Wang told Beijing Review.
【答案】 11. has built 12. herself 13. aiming
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了出生在美国的王女士从小就喜欢中国文化，她经常上传自己穿着汉服 的视频，她说她喜欢汉服，想要更多的人了解它。
11 考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的 联系。此处主语为 she，build 为谓语动词， 主语 she 与 build 之间为主动关系， 且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl 可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填 has built。
12 考查代词。句意：她一直在网上上传她穿着汉服的视频，这吸引了很多喜欢中国生活方式的人。此处of 是介词，后跟宾语，且主语为 she，此处意为“她自己”，故应用反身代词 herself 作宾语，故填herself。
13 考查现在分词。句意：我录了很多视频，是为了帮助更多的人了解它。根据句子分析可知，此处作状语， aim 与主语 I 之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语，故填aiming。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Engineers invented a new device to produce solar electricity at night. Solar panels transform sunlight into energy, so they____ 14____ (traditional) work only during daylight hours. This device, however ____ 15____(use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. In this case, cool evening air is a slightly different temperature than the solar cell in the panel. That becomes energy,_____ 16_____is transformed into electricity. The device could be helpful in areas_____ 17_____ (locate) far from a power grid (电网).
【答案】 14. traditionally 15. uses 16. which 17. located
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了工程师发明了一种在夜间也能生产太阳能电力的设备。
14 考查副词。句意：太阳能电板将阳光转化为能量，因此它们只能传统地在白天的时候发挥作用。根据句 子分析可知，此处作状语，修饰动词 work，故应用副词“traditionally 传统地”修饰，故填 traditionally。
15 考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处 this device 作主语， 为单数，与谓语动词 use 之间为主动关系，且根据后文的 creates 可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在 时，故填 uses。
16 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这就变成了能量，再转化成电能。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 为 energy，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，故应用 which 引导，故填 which。
17 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一设备对那些离电网很远的地区来说，是很有帮助的。此处作定语，修饰 areas ，areas 与 locate 之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填 located。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A study showed how much dogs love their owners. In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears____ 18____(produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners. The team then repeated the experiment, this time with dogs that were reunited with their owners____ 19____being apart for five hours. The results showed dogs only shed tears during the reunions. The team now wants to find out____20____dogs have a similar emotional response when reunited with other dogs.
【答案】 18. were produced 19. after 20. whether##if
【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究显示狗狗有多爱它们的主人。在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在 家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别 5 小时后与主 人团聚的狗。结果显示，狗只在团聚时流泪。研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似 的情绪反应
18 考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。 根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语 tears 与谓语 produce 为被动关系。故填 were produced。
19 考查介词。句意：然后，研究小组重复了这个实验，这次是在分别 5 小时后与主人团聚的狗。根据句意 可知，空处填介词 after。故填 after。
20 考查连接词。句意：研究小组现在想知道，当狗和其他狗团聚时，是否会有类似的情绪反应。 find out 后 接宾语从句，根据句意可知，表示“是否”，用连接词 whether 或者 if。故填 whether/if。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题，每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(2023 届北京市房山区高三一模)
To help new students, the International Business Institute (IBI) plans to set up a buddy (伙伴) peer support project. The project will help new students meet current students at IBI who can provide them with some friendly company during their first months in Newcastle and help them with any small problems that they may have.
What’s in it for you
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.
Responsibilities of buddies
·Telephone and arrange to make contact with the new student.
·Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area. Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.
·Arrange to meet the new student one morning or afternoon one weekend early in the semester, and take the student to places that you enjoy in Newcastle.
·Be prepared to take phone calls from the new student to answer further questions that he/she may have from time to time. Meet to explain information to the new student in person, if required.
·You will be matched to an individual new student. However, if you have friends who are also buddies, you might prefer to form a support group together. This would mean that you meet the new students as a group rather than one-on-one.
·Being a buddy is voluntary. There is no “requirement” to provide assistance beyond the help outlined above.
Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy you will be expected to fulfil your role
,
conscientiously and cheerfully. It will be important to be considerate and reliable so that the student can feel confident in your support.
21. According to the passage, what benefit can you get from being a buddy
A. You can learn how to be a confident person. B. It is easy for you to find some friendly company.
C. You can be rewarded with both money and prizes. D. It may be helpful for your future studies and career.
22. As a buddy, you need to ________.
A. form a support group with other volunteers at IBI
B. provide assistance in studying each subject after class
C. meet the new student every morning early in the semester
D. help the new student get familiar with his or her surroundings
23. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To introduce campus life for new students.
B. To attract potential volunteers to be peer supporters.
C. To offer an opportunity to practise speaking English.
D. To provide some information about studying overseas.
【答案】 21. D 22. D 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院(IBI) 计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其
成员的责任。
21 细节理解题。根据 What’s in it for you 部分中“It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives.(它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知， 成 为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选 D。
22 细节理解题。根据 Responsibilities of buddies 部分第二点中“Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area.(与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区)”可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你需 要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选 D。
23 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“To help new students, the International Business Institute (IBI) plans to set up a buddy (伙伴) peer support project.(为了帮助新生， 国际商业学院(IBI) 计划设立‘帮助伙伴项 目’)”可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院(IBI)计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任，目 的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选 B。
B
(2023 届北京市朝阳区高三一模)
I was four when Dad first showed me how to skim stones, a game in which one throws smooth flat stones into a river to make them jump across the surface. I’d pass hours on beaches with my brother, picking up muddy stones
and skimming them. It was satisfying making them dance on the surface. That perfect skim, where the stone glided ( 滑行), brought me fantastic feelings-and still does. I was a competitive child and good at throwing. I enjoyed javelin (标枪) and was on a baseball team, but skimming stones was just for fun.
In adulthood, things changed. In August 2017, an advertisement for the All England Open Stone Skimming Championships drew my attention. I signed up and paid 2 for three stones. I skimmed 28 metres and tried again and again, buying more stones to feed my desire, finally reaching 37 metres, which won me third place. I drove home excitedly, and 20 lighter.
I returned to the 2018 championship, hoping for a champion. Walking on to the small throwing platform in my trainers, I threw a decent 44 metres and won. I spotted someone wearing a competition sweater with “World” written across it. “Where’s that ” I asked and he told me about the annual World Stone Skimming Championships in Scotland.
It was a month away and a six-hour drive. I thought about the cost and distance for weeks until, the day before the contest, the feeling of winning made a decision for me. “I’m going. ”I arrived at a hotel at 10 pm, but couldn’t sleep for nerves and excitement. Early the next morning, I drove to the crossing where the competitors had begun waiting. Ropes and buoys (浮标) marked a 63-metre couarse. I had no idea if my best score was good enough to win. When my name was called at the prize-giving ceremony that afternoon, I was overjoyed. I was the women’s world champion.
I’m a big believer in giving things a go. I’m 42, and to become a world champion at this stage is pretty left-field. It showed me it was worth jumping in the car that day, and proof that a childhood spent throwing muddy stones from beaches wasn’t wasted.
24. What did the author enjoy about the stone skimming as a child
A. The competitiveness of the sport. B. The outstanding ability at throwing.
C. The satisfaction the glide of the stone brings. D. The fun time she spent with her dad at the beach.
25. What mainly helped the author all the way through every championship
A. Her discipline. B. Her desire to win.
C. Her confidence. D. Her efforts on training.
26. What can we conclude from the passage
A. Take it easy in face of challenges. B. Change the world by being yourself.
C. A bigger stage is ready for those who try. D. Either I will find a way, or I will make one.
【答案】 24. C 25. B 26. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。
24 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was satisfying making them dance on the surface. That perfect skim, where the stone glided (滑行)，brought me fantastic feelings-and still does. (让他们在水面上跳舞是一种满足。石头滑过的那一 段完美的飞掠， 给我带来了奇妙的感觉——现在仍然如此。) 可知， 作者小时候喜欢撇石头是因为石头滑过 带来的满足感。故选 C 项。
25 细节理解题。根据第三段“I returned to the 2018 championship, hoping for a champion.” (我重返 2018 年的 锦标赛， 希望能获得冠军) 和倒数第二段“the feeling of winningmade a decision for me.” (胜利的感觉让我做 了一个决定)可知，对胜利的渴望帮助作者赢得了每一个冠军。故选 B 项。
26 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I’m a big believer in giving things a go. I’m 42, and to become a world champion at this stage is pretty left-field. It showed me it was worth jumping in the car that day-and proof that a childhood spent throwing muddy stones from beaches wasn’t wasted.” (我坚信凡事都要试一试。我已经 42 岁了，在这个阶段 成为世界冠军是相当不可能的。它告诉我，那天跳进车里是值得的，也证明了从海滩上扔泥石的童年没有 浪费。) 可知， 短文叙述了作者小时候撇石头的经历帮助作者获得了很多锦标赛大奖。所以能推理出更大的 舞台已经为那些敢于尝试的人准备好了。故选 C 项。
C
(2023 届北京市石景山区一模)
I recently attended a wedding in a rural area in north Italy, and guests were provided with a car and driver for the 90-minute journey into the hills. That was exciting: A private car! I could pretend I was rich! Since I’m not, though, I had no idea how much this trip actually cost. As a result, after our driver picked us back up at midnight, I secretly worried all the way home about tipping him.
I fished around nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note, which I was keeping for an emergency. I had nothing smaller. And I had nothing else to offer but two chocolates from the wedding. So, I could tip the driver that $100 note or two chocolates. In the end, I chose the money.
The whole matter of tipping has long been a source of awkward interactions — and, for some travellers, mild anxiety — throughout the world. Tipping customs vary wildly from country to country. A friend in Rome tells me that Italians get hurt by big tips. “Leaving a big tip is considered impolite,” she adds, “I’ve had Italian friends make me take money back.”
It reminded me of my 100-dollar tip. What if I had annoyed the driver So I decided to call the car company
and ask them to pass on a message to the driver apologizing for the improper tip and explaining the situation.
To my surprise, the car company responded that the driver had actually called to express his gratitude for the unexpected big tip. He had apparently been having a tough week and the money had come at just the right time.
I was astonished. All my worry had been for nothing. What started out as a source of anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that sometimes it’s better to go with your feelings and be generous, even if it means taking a risk.
27. What did the author realize when she dug around in her purse
A. She had spent 100 dollars on emergency.
B. She had to ask the driver for smaller changes.
C. She had nothing but two chocolates to offer the driver.
D. She had no smaller notes and might tip too high or too low.
28. Why did the author mention the tipping in Italy
A. To compare different tipping customs.
B. To share a personal story of her friend.
C. To show the possibility of upsetting the driver.
D. To demonstrate her rich knowledge on tipping.
29. What was the driver’s response to the tipping
A. He was annoyed by the large tip. B. He appreciated the author’s generosity.
C. He was grateful and refused the money. D. He was upset by the awkward interaction.
30. What can we conclude from the passage
A. Good things are possible when you follow your heart.
B. You’d better think carefully before taking action.
C. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
D. A penny saved is a penny earned.
【答案】 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己给巨额小费的经历和感悟。 27.细节理解题。根据第二段中“I had nothing smaller. And I had nothing else to offer but two chocolates from the wedding. So, I could tip the driver that $100 note or two chocolates. (我没有更小的了。除了婚礼上的两块巧克力， 我没有别的礼物。所以， 我可以给司机 100 美元或者两块巧克力)”可知， 作者翻钱包时发现没有比 100 美元
更小面额的钱，小费只能给 100 美元或者两块巧克力，而 100 美元作为小费太多，两块巧克力作为小费又
太少。故选 D。
28.推理判断题。前两段描述了作者在意大利给司机 100 美元小费的经历， 结合第四段前两句“Itreminded me of my 100-dollar tip. What if I had annoyed the driver (这让我想起了我的 100 美元小费。如果我惹恼了司机怎 么办？ )”可知，作者提到在意大利给小费的事是为了说明这一举动有可能惹恼了司机。故选 C 。 29.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“To my surprise, the car company responded that the driver had actually called to express his gratitude for the unexpected big tip. (令我惊讶的是， 汽车公司回应说， 司机实际上是打电话来对 意外的巨额小费表示感谢的)”可知，司机感谢作者的慷慨。故选 B 。 30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What started out as a source of anxiety ended up being a heartwarming experience. I learned that sometimes it’s better to go with your feelings and be generous, even if it means taking a risk. (一开始是焦虑的来源，最后变成了一次温暖人心的经历。我明白了，有时候跟随自己的感觉、慷慨大 方是更好的选择，即使这意味着要承担风险)”可推知，当你跟随自己的内心，好事就有可能发生，故选 A。
D
(2023 届北京市西城区高三一模)
Technology seems to discourage slow, immersive reading. Reading on a screen, particularly a phone screen, tires your eyes and makes it harder for you to keep your place. So online writing tends to be more skimmable and list-like than print. The cognitive neuroscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this “new norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, game-changing transformation” in how readers process words. The neuronal circuit that sustains the brain’s capacity to read now favors the rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn to read more skillfully. From about the age of nine, our eyes start to bounce around the page, reading only about a quarter of the words properly, and filling in the gaps by inference. Nor is there anything new in these fears about declining attention spans. So far, the anxieties have proved to be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,” the American author Selvin Brown wrote. “No one ever said that poems were evidence of short attention spans.”
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. For a start, it means that there is more to read, because more people than ever are writing. If you time travelled just a few decades into the past, you would wonder at how little writing was happening outside a classroom. And digital writing is meant for rapid release and
response. An online article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published. This mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But often it treats other people’s words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder to say something else. Everyone talks over the top of everyone else, desperate to be heard.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a social good and source of personal achievement. But this advocacy often emphasizes “enthusiastic”, “passionate” or “eager” reading, none of which adjectives suggest slow, quiet absorption.
To a slow reader, a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in the words and their slow comprehension of a line of thought. The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he has done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too tenacious for any new technology to destroy. We often assume that technological change can’t be stopped and happens in one direction, so that older media like
“dead-tree” books are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle has not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.
31. What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin Brown’s opinion
A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Objective.
32. The author would probably agree that .
A. advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading
B. digital writing leads to too much speaking and not enough reflection
C. the public should be aware of the impact skimming has on neuronal circuits
D. the number of Internet readers is declining due to the advances of technology
33. What does the underlined word “tenacious” in Paragraph 6 probably mean
A. Comprehensive. B. Complicated. C. Determined. D. Apparent.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Slow Reading Is Here to Stay
B. Digital Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C. Screen vs. Print: Which Requires Deep Reading
D. Reading Is Not a Race: The Wonder of Deep Reading
【答案】 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅读的看法，指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处，并指
出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。
31 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Nor is there anything new in these fears about declining attention spans. So far, the anxieties have proved to be false alarms. “Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline,” the American author Selvin Brown wrote. “No one ever said that poems were evidence of short attention spans.”(对注意力持续时间下降的担忧也不是什么新鲜事。到目前为止， 焦虑被证明是虚惊一场。美国作家 Selvin Brown 写道：“相当多的评论家最近开始担心注意力持续时间，他 们认为非常短的故事是文化衰落的标志。从来没有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据。 ”)”可推知，作 者对 Selvin Brown 的观点持赞成态度。故选 A。
32 细节理解题。根据第三段“And digital writing is meant for rapid release and response. An online article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published. This mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun. But often it treats other people’s words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder to say something else. Everyone talks over the top of everyone else, desperate to be heard.(数字写作意味着快速释放和 反应。一篇在线文章一经发表，就开始在下面形成一个评论字符串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动的 和有趣的。但它经常把别人的话当作可以迅速收获的素材，用来说别的东西。每个人都说得比别人多，渴
望被别人听到)”可知，作者认同数字写作导致过多的表达，而缺乏足够的思考。故选 B。
33 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The human need for this kind of deep reading is too”以及后文“for any new technology to destroy”可知， too…to…表示“太…… 以至于不能……”，即人类对这种深度阅读的需求是如此 坚定，任何新技术都无法摧毁。故画线词意思是“坚定的”。故选 C。
34 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle has not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-moving age, there is time for slow reading.(实际上，旧技术可以与新技术 共存。 Kindle 并没有消灭纸质书，就像汽车没有消灭自行车一样。我们仍然想要享受缓慢形成的思想和精 心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代， 也有时间进行慢速阅读)”可知， 文章主要论述了作者对于慢阅 读的看法， 指出了慢阅读的重要性和好处， 并指出科技不能改变人们对这种深度阅读的需求。因此 A 选项“慢 阅读将会持续下去”最符合文章标题。故选 A。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
(2023 届北京市丰台区高三一模)
Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).___35___. It can help you process what you’ve been through and assist you as you envision a path forward.
Why does a writing intervention work ___36___In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety “frees up” cognitive resources. When you write down the emotions associated with a traumatic experience, you may be changing the way it is organized in the brain. You are then able to detach from the emotion, making it easier for you to talk about and process the event.
However, for most people, the thought of acknowledging emotions and admitting that there’s something wrong with us is difficult. This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.___37___That is what sets journaling apart. This is between you and your journal — you don’t have to share it with anyone unless, of course, you choose to.
If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.___38___Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it. Use all your senses. Now, write about that object and see how large its meaning can become.
___39___How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well. It all depends on what works best for you. Remember, one size does not fit all. Writing may not work for everyone, but you won’t know if you don’t try.
A. Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.
B. Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C. Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.
D. It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect.
E. Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life.
F. It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.
G. Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.
【答案】 35. F 36. D 37. C 38. G 39. B
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个能帮助人们从创伤中愈合的方法——表达性写作。
35 上文“Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).(表达性写作或日志是帮 助你从创伤中愈合的一种方法)”提到表达性写作， F 项“这是发自内心的写作，是关于与某一事件相关的情 感”进一步解释表达性写作，符合语境，故选 F。
36 下文“In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety ‘frees up’ cognitive resources.(事实上， 讲述一个持续焦 虑的故事可以‘释放’认知资源)”是解释为什么写下消极的经历能带来积极的效果，故 D 项“把消极的经历写 下来会有积极的效果，这似乎不正常”符合语境，下文是对 D 项中看似不正常的现象进行解释。故选 D。
37 上文“This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.(这是因为表达情绪会带来 内疚和羞耻感)”是解释人们很难承认情绪有问题的原因，结合选项， C 项“此外，为情绪压力寻求帮助通常 被视为软弱的表现”和上文是并列关系，也是描述其原因，故选 C。
38 上文“Ifyou’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.(如果你想把写作作为疗伤的工具， 那就设置一个十分钟的计时器开始写作吧)”建议开始写作， G 项 “让你的思绪回到细节、具体的时刻， 去感受你的感受和你经历的真相”是描述方法， 即如何开始写作， 符合 语境， G 项中的“the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings”与下文“Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it.(想想你家里的一件对你来说意味着某个时 刻的物品。带着满满的趣味去看它。感受它的重量)”呼应。故选 G。
39 根据本段中“How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well.(如何从创伤中痊愈也因 人而异)”及“Writing maynot work for everyone(写作可能不适合所有人)”可知， 本段主要讲述写作不是万能的， 不是所有人都适合， B 项“当然，表达性写作不是灵丹妙药”符合语境，故选 B。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，共 32 分)
第一节 阅读表达(共 4 小题，第 40 、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分)
(2023 届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Over the years I have been fascinated to read about studies into the power of touch.
One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way. It makes sense for me that offering hugs to calm victims may be an instinct that we got from primate ancestors.
Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of
the most important aspects for development as a child. Is it any wonder that, when we are upset and distressed as adults, we seek out the same things Whether young or old, humans are wired to be touched.
Nevertheless, many people today suffer from “touch hunger”, which typically occurs when a person experiences little touch or contact for a long time. It serves as a warning that the sense of security and care that comes with the contact of touch is missing. Thus, their well-being can suffer. It is associated with greater stress, anxiety and loneliness, and lower-quality sleep.
Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger” . A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.
Be a giver!
40. What did the first study find about touch
____________________________________________________________
41. Why is touch important
____________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Touch has the great power to give people who suffer from “touch hunger“ strong emotional experiences, but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care.
____________________________________________________________
43. Apart from touch, what other way(s) do you often use to express your love and care in your life (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】 40. It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.
41. It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults.
42. but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care. Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care.
43. (1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.
(2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my
appreciation for what they have done for me.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，触摸给人带来安全感；当人们难过时，触摸给人以安慰和安定的感
觉。
40 细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“One famous study examined videos of how people responded to those near them who had been the victim of a bad fortune. Researchers looked at their interaction with the victim, and compared this with behaviour in non-human primates (灵长类动物). It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.(一项著名的研究调查了人们如何回应他们附近遭遇不幸的 人的视频。研究人员观察了它们与受害者的互动，并与非人类灵长类动物的行为进行了比较(灵长类动物)。 研究发现， 人类和灵长类动物以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。 )”可知， 研究发现， 人类和灵长类动物 以类似的方式相互安慰并表现出关心。故答案为 It found that humans and primates comfort one another and demonstrate care in a similar way.
41 推理判断题。根据第三段前三句“Another study found that when the husband or wife of a patient in sorrow or discomfort reaches out and holds their hand and, as if by magic, they become settled and less sorrowful. Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised, as we have known for many years about the importance of touch. It symbolizes safety and love, and this is actually one of the most important aspects for development as a child. (另一项研究发现，当悲伤 或不适的病人的丈夫或妻子伸出手握住他们的手时，就像魔法一样，他们会安定下来，悲伤也会减少。也 许我们不应该感到惊讶，因为我们多年来一直知道触摸的重要性。它象征着安全和爱，这实际上是孩子成 长过程中最重要的方面之一。)”可知，触摸象征着安全和爱， 这对儿童和成人都很重要。故答案为 It symbolizes safety and love which are important to both children and adults.
42 细节理解题。根据倒数第二端“Actually, even the briefest touch from us can bring strong emotional experiences to the receivers who suffer from “touch hunger” . A warm handshake, a gentle pat on the shoulder, or a high-five is often enough to convey love and care.(其实， 即使是我们最简单的触碰， 也能给“触碰饥饿”的受者带来强烈的 情感体验。一个温暖的握手， 轻轻拍一下肩膀， 或者一个击掌， 都足以传达爱和关心。 )”可知， 即使是一个 简单的握手，也能传达爱和关心，因此所给句子中后半部分“but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care”是错的。故答案为：错误部分：but a brief touch like a handshake is too light to convey love and care. 原因： Even a brief touch like a handshake is enough to convey love and care.
43 开放题。言之有理即可。例如：除了触摸，我们可以写温暖的字条来鼓励或提醒别人，让他们感到温暖；
我们也可以和别人进行简短的对话，嘘寒问暖；我们也可以送别人小礼物来表达我们的关心。 40 词以内。 故答案为： (1) I often write notes to people I love. For example, I often write notes to remind my family to put on
their coats on cold days, expressing my care and love. When reading the warm Words, they feel loved and cared.或 (2) I often have little conversations with my loved ones. Talking with my parents after sch1ool can help relieve their tiredness from work. Besides, I prepare gifts for them on special occasions. The handmade gifts convey my appreciation for what they have done for me.
第二节: 书面表达(共一题，20 分)
(2023 届北京市房山区高三一模)
44. 假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。下周将有一个英国的学生代表团来你校进行为期两天的交流访问， 你将作为学生代表致词。请你用英文写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.简要介绍主要活动安排；
3.表达美好祝愿。
注意： 1.词数 100 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dearfriends,
【答案】 Dearfriends,
Welcome to our school. I am Li Hua, Chairman of the Student Union. On behalf of my school, I will introduce the main arrangements for the following two days.
As scheduled, on the first day, we would like to invite you to take a tour of our campus, through which you will get a general idea of our school. In the afternoon, you can take part in various activities such as paper cutting and calligraphy to experience traditional Chinese culture in person. On the second day, we will take you to the Forbidden City, a must-see attraction in Beijing, where you will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures
preserved there.
Hope you enjoy your stay here! Thank you!
【解析】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生写一篇发言稿，向来校交流的英国的学生代表团表示欢迎， 并介绍活动安排。
【详解】 1.词汇积累：
代表： On behalf of→ represent
参加： take part in→ join in/get involved in
各种各样的： various→ a variety of/varieties of
惊讶的： amazed→ surprised/astonished
2.句式拓展：
同义句转换
原句： On the second day, we will take you to the Forbidden City, a must-see attraction in Beijing, where you will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
拓展句：Then followed the trip to the Forbidden City on the second day, a must-see attraction in Beijing, where you will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】
As scheduled, on the first day, we would like to invite you to take a tour of our campus, through which you will get a general idea of our school. (运用了介词+which 引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型 2】
On the second day, we will take you to the Forbidden City, a must-see attraction in Beijing, where you will be amazed at the architectural styles and treasures preserved there. (运用了名词作同位语和 where 引导非限制性定 语从句。)