高二年级10月份阶段性测试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 2023年10月
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Motoring writer. Simon Heptinstall once said that the most interesting thing about cars isn't the car at all. Is it true that the motorists make better stones than their motors Here are 3 stories to help make your own decision.
Henry Ford built the Quadricycle
In 1896, the great inventive engineer Henry Ford finished building his first car, called the Quadncycle, in a small shed behind his house. He became one of the world's most successful businessmen later —— but this time he had badly miscalculated. The completed Quadricycle wouldn't fit out through the door. He'd built it bigger than the width of the door. Henry had to use an ax e to chop out the doorframe to make the opening wider. Then he could ultimately get his pioneering creation out for its first drive. It is now an exhibit in Henry Ford Museum.
Noel Gallagher forgot buying a car
Millionaire rock star Noel Gallagher forgot he'd bought a brand —— new classic car for 110,000.The former guitarist was puzzled when a Jaguar Mark II arrived at bus house on a delivery truck. It turned out he had ordered it two years previously. At the time he ordered it he had hoped to learn to drove ——but never got round it. He forgot the whole thing, and the car still sits unused in his garage.
Maria Mugno made her car hairy
According to the Guinness Book of Records the world's harness car is a Fiat 50 owned by Maria Mugno of Salemo in Italy. The Italian hairdresser has spent hundreds of hours importing bags of human hair from India, because she claims the hair is stronger. She then sticks the locks onto every surface of the car, inside and out. Her furry Fiat is still road-illegal however.
21. What is the most interesting thing about cars according to Simon
A. The drivers. B. The price. C. The speed. D. The appearance.
22. What do the three cars have in common
A. They are Guinness record holders. B. They are invented by their owners.
C. They are not permitted to go on road. D. They are not in use for certain reasons.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. An engineering textbook. B. A car advertisement.
C. An automobile magazine. D. An academic article.
B
The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one's life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year: and for many years pa st I have taken advantage of the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.
One thing I do decide to do this year, with some unwillingness, is to give up writing the Grumpy Old Bookman column in this magazine. It's not that I've lost interest m the book world, you understand.But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find. during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job with in the same organization or line of business.
It is in fact well over 15 years since our editor wrote to me and asked if I would be interested in writing a regular piece about what was, even then. a rapidly changing publishing scene. He approached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blog called. amazingly enough, Grumpy Old Bookman.
As my monthly survey of development s in both traditional and digital publishing continued, in this magazine, I began to realize that writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher——or an agent if you wanted one——but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing you a penny piece. Amazing.
After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time. it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence. in 2014. I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon's Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022.
24. Why does the author want to give up writing the column
A. He follow s Leonard Woolf's suggestion.
B. He is very keen on trying something new.
C. He is fed up with the career linked to books.
D. He's used to changing his job every seven years.
25. According to the author, what can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A. I t is a blessing to live in the present times.
B. Publishing industry is a profitable business.
C. It is rather hard to publish books nowadays.
D. Now it is amazing to find a publisher easily.
26. What do you think of the author
A. Purposeful and good at self-reflecting.
B. Dedicated but easy to doubt himself.
C. Emotional and good at controlling himself.
D. Ambitious but reluctant to change himself.
27. What does the author mainly want to tell us
A. Giving up timely is another virtue.
B. The beginning of a year is a new start.
C. Reflection can drive us to push forward.
D. Changing the job means a new opportunity
C
Asteroids(小行星) are believed to have formed early in our solar system's history —— about 4.5billion years ago —— when a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula (太阳星云) collapsed and formed our sun and the planets. By visiting these near Earth objects to study the material that came from the solar nebula, we can look for answers to some of humankind's most arresting questions, such as: How did the solar system form and where did the Earth's water and other organic materials such as carbon come from 'In addition to unlocking clues about our solar system, asteroids may provide clues about our Earth. By understanding more about asteroids. we may learn more about pa st Earth impacts and poss1b1y7Ind ways to reduce the threat of future impacts.
If we don't want to go the way of the dinosaurs-someday, we need to protect ourselves against the threat of being hit by a big asteroid. According to NASA, typically about once every 10,000 years, a rocky or iron asteroid the size of a football field could crash into our planet and possibly cause tidal waves big enough to flood coastal areas.
But what we really have to fear is asteroids about 328 feet across or bigger. Such an impact would cause a firestorm and fill the atmosphere with sun-blocking dust, which would wipe out forests and farm fields and starve the human and animal life that it didn't immediately kill.
That's why it's vital to develop a way to neutralize such a threat to Earth. NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test, launched in la te November 2021, was the first mission to demonstrate a technology called asteroid redirection by manmade impactor. A robotic spacecraft will be crashed into an asteroid named Didymos, in an effort to show that it's possible to slightly change the path of an asteroid. That would enable NASA to redirect potential threats to miss Earth.
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. How solar system came into being.
B. How long asteroids have existed.
C. Why asteroids are to be explored.
D. When asteroids will impact Earth.
29. Why does the author mention dinosaurs I n paragraph 2
A. To make the text more interesting.
B. To introduce the topic of the text.
C. To grab readers’ attention to asteroids.
D. To show the disaster from an asteroid impact.
30. Which can best replace “neutralize” underlined in paragraph 4
A. strengthen B. avoid C. beautify D. realize
31. What can we know about asteroids
A. Dinosaurs may live on some of them.
B. They were formed earlier than Earth.
C. Exploring them helps us know Earth.
D. NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test failed.
D
The US Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists. lawyers,social scientists and other experts to consider some of these ethical dimensions. To give two examples:on privacy, as we let more listening devices into our homes. how do we prevent the data they collect falling into the wrong hands through hacking(黑客) or simply being sold between companies without us receiving any money Another example: mixed reality. including virtual reality, will become pervasive in the next few years. As we move from headsets to what the IEEE committee describes as "more subtle and integrated sensory enhancements”we will use technology to live in an illusory world in many aspects of our lives. How do we balance the rights of the individual, control over our virtual identity, and the need to live and interact on a face-to-face basis while being empowered to live rich lives in mixed reality
There is, of course, always a tension between innovation and regulation. But it can often see m that grant steps are taken in technology with minimal public discussion. Take the self-driving car: although it may be safer than human drivers and is likely to save more than a million lives a year worldwide, it will also take jobs from dnvers, traffic police. sign-makers, car-repair companies, carmakers and more. Is this a bargain we want to make In taking that decision, have we given thought to a car that knows everywhere we go, decides routes. perhaps, based on paid advertisements from shops along the way——and listens and sees everything we do on board What will happen to that data and can it be kept safe
Additionally, while some worry about the uncommon“trolley problem” of whom the car should choose to hit in a freak accident——an old lady or a mother and baby——perhaps the more frequent issue will be how we find out what the algorithm(算法) was thinking at the time of an accident, because AIs (Artificial Intelligence) are self-learning and devise their own strategies.
Similar concerns are emerging over the internet of things. Robot vacuum-cleaners already plot cleaning cycles using computer-aided vision that, for some models, is relayed to their manufacturers. As more things at home become connected. they will be hackable and the data they collect sellable.
It's time for some messy. democratic discussion s about the future of AI.
32. What is the purpose of the two examples in Paragraph 1
A. To cast some light on hacking m our modern life.
B. To lead the reader. to think of ethical issues brought by hi-tech.
C. To lead in the following example concerning the self-driving car.
D. To list the existing problems that caught the attention of experts.
33. What does the underlined word“pervasive” in Paragraph I mean
A . Intelligent B. Powerful. C. Widespread. D. Skillful.
34. What is the author's attitude towards the big steps in technology
A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Cautious. D. Unclear.
35. How docs the author support his claim
A. By exposing some underlying problems in high-tech.
B. By calling on people to move away from innovation.
C. By Illustrating Al's abilities in self-leaning strategies.
D. By displaying our computer-aided life in future.
第二节(共 5 小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
Can fruits and vegetables grow without sunlight or soil2 36 Vertical farms grow produce indoors by stacking up layers of plants.
In 2015, a company called AeroFarms took an old steel mill in Newark, New Jersey, and turned it into the world's largest vertical farm, consisting of twelve rows of floor-to-ceiling trays of "grow tables"to hold plants. The plants do not need soil. 37 Instead of sunlight, LED light s produce the red and blue light that plants absorb to make puters and sensing devices monitor and control plant growth as well as temperature, humidity, water, and the nutrient solution.
38 A traditional farm uses 533 acres of land and provides 533 acres of growing space. To produce the same number of crops, a vertical farm uses 0. 5 acres of land and 23 acres of growing space.Moreover, outdoor farms use a lot of water-almost 70 percent of the world's drinkable water! Indoor farms use only about 10 percent of the water required by traditional farms, and the water can be reused.
Vertical farms have some disadvantages. They're great for growing vegetables and fruits. but large plants such as watermelon or com use too much space for this type of farming. 39 In addition,set up costs are high because urban land is expensive and the controlled environments and equipment need constant monitoring.
The benefits of vertical farming. however, may outweigh the disadvantages. About 815 million people in the world do not have enough food. One mayor benefit of vertical farming is that it can help reduce world hunger. 40
A. With vertical farms. it can be done.
B. People can make it possible without sunlight or soul.
C. They are fed a solution of water mixed with plant nutrients.
D. So small plants are more suitable to grow on a vertical farm.
E. Some plants can't be grown because they need bees to pollinate them.
F. This farming method produces large amounts of food in relatively small spaces.
G. Environmentally, vertical farms are more efficient than traditional outdoor farms.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15题;每题1分，满分15分)
Giving road directions in fluent Mandarin, 67-year-old American expat (旅居国外者)Terry Crossman has been helping people in Beijing Xicheng District for almost five years now.
He__41__the Xicheng Dama Club in 2017. The volunteer group is mostly __42__middle-aged women. Joining the group has made Crossman an online celebrity. “I guess my__ 43__ is very suitable, because I'm very warm-hcarted, very open and friendly."
After__44__from the University of Pennsylvania, Crossman first came to Beijing in 1987 for business. He and his family then moved there in 1997. Over the past three decades, he has_45 _the modernization and rapid improvement of the living standards in Beijing. “We all have electric heat now instead of coal heat, so It's much_46_than it used to be. People here managed to preserve some of the old Beijing and I am really__47__of the city for doing that.”
Having spent a__48___of his life in Beijing, Crossman considers himself a Beijinger at heart and has made Beijing his permanent__49__. But Crossman's love for China goes__50__beyond natural scenery. He has studied Chinese history, literature, sociology and philosophy. Crossman says he became__51____in Chinese culture as a teenager when he first read the Tao Te Ching by Lao Zi,and Taoist teachings have _52_ him until now.
"I mean concepts I like from Taoism or things like Wuwei: I like the whole__53__of going with nature, Shunqiziran: if you trust the universe, the universe will__54_ you."
Taoism has helped Crossman to not only enjoy serving people as a community volunteer, but also to seize today and__55__in the present.
41. A. joined B. extended C. advocated D. sponsored
42. A. made of B.targeted at C. composed of D. opposed to
43.A. discrimination B. curiosity C. patience D. personality
44. A. learning B.graduating C. coming D. hearing
45.A. boosted B. witnessed C. demonstrated D.transformed
46.A. cleaner B. milder C.mistier D.freer
47.A. convinced B.informed C.tired D.proud
48.A. bit B.minority C. majority D.maxmum
49.A.neighborhood B. home C. boundary D.trap
50.A.far B. accurately C.automatically D. eventually
51. A. interested B.bathed C. advanced D.gifted
52.A. grasped B.influenced C. detected D. absorbed
53. A. story B.goal C.idea D. process
54.A. motivate B. inspect C. amuse D.reward
55. A. exist B. live C. believe D.wander
第Ⅱ卷(满分55分)
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Is It the Pig from Angry Birds
An ancient clay pig statue has become ______(56) hot topic, for it looked exactly like Green Pig, a main character in Angry Birds, a popular mobile game. The artwork ______(57) (discover) under the ruins of an ancient settlement ______(58)(date)back nearly 5,000 years in south-western China.
Archaeologists(考古学家）found the tiny pig statue ______(59)(accident)while digging in the remains of a small ancient community outside Guanghan in Sichuan province.
The village was situated about eight kilometres outside Sanxingdui, a Bronze Age kingdom, ______(60) likely came into being around 5,000 years ago, and the pig statue is thought to be 3,200 years old. The pig statue has been described ______(61) “cute,vivid and delicate” by the researchers, who say it represents the advanced standards of the region’s prehistoric residents.
Chinese Internet users expressed their amazement. On Weibo, one person expressed his ______(62) (admire) excitedly: “It is the pig from Angry Birds!” Another commenter joked: “The pig in Angry Birds. You have infringed (侵犯) the copyright.”
The research team claimed ______(63)(find) tracks of continuous human activity on this site from 5,000 years ago to the ______(64)(dynasty) of Ming and Qing. Officials plan to dig 7,000 square metres of the site, which is officially named Guanghan Joint Ruins. By the end of June, they ______(65)(dig) 4,500 square metres.
第四部分:写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
假如你是你校学生会主席李华，在你校“读书月”活动到来之际，为呼吁学生多读书、读好书，请你以学生会的名义，为学校“英语天地”宣传栏写一封倡议书，内容包括:
1.读书的好处:
2.发出倡议。注意:
1.词数80左右:
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear boys and girls,
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Students'Union
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
"Everything happens for the best," my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. "If you carry on, one day something good will happen. And you'll realize that it that previous preparation.”
Mother was right. After graduating from college, I had decided to try for a job in radio. then work my way up to a sports announcer. I got fully prepared. I watched videos of excellent sports commentators. I imitated them. I practiced reporting imaginary games again and again. Then I hitchhiked(搭车) to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station-and got turned down every time, even before I got the chance to display myself.
In one studio a kind lady told me that big stations couldn't nsk hirng an inexperienced person."Go out in the sticks (偏远的乡村) and find a small station that'll give you a chance," She said. I thumbed home to Dixon Illinois.
My disappointment must have shown. "Everything happens for the best." Mom reminded me. Exhausted and frustrated as I was, I turned on the video and began my dauly practice, "Wait, what is the goalkeeper going to do He dribbled past the opponent stnkers. He didn't pass the ball. He went on sprinting with the ball without being stopped. He scored!!! Incredible!" With the exciting comments streaming out, I regained my confidence.
The next day, Dad offered me his car to job hunt and 1 tried WOC Radio in Davenport, lowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman-named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already got an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration boiled over. I asked aloud, "How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can't even get a chance for a trial ”
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling.
With the good news,I can't resist my urge to be home.
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英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 2023年10月
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 两部分。
注意事项：
1. 答第1卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.选出每小题答案后、用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。
3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。
阅读理解
A
【解析】：21--23：A D C
这是一篇应用文。汽车作家Simon Heptinstall曾经说过， 关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。文章介绍了三个有趣的司机故事。
(1)细节理解题。由此篇文章第一段中的关键句Motoring writer, Simon Heptinstall once said t hat the most interesting thing about cars is n't the car at all. Is it true that the motorists m ake better stories than their motors (汽车作家Simon Heptinstall曾经说过, 关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗 )可知Simon认为关于汽车最有趣的事情是司机。故选A。
(2)推理判断题。由此篇文章第二段中的关键句Itis now an exhibit in Henry Ford Museum.(它现在在Henry Ford博物馆展出。)第三段中的关键句He forgot the whole thing, and the car still sits unused in his garage.(他把整件事都忘得一干二净， 那辆车仍然闲置在他的车库里。)和最后一段中的关键句Her furry Fiat is still road-illegal however.(然而, 她毛茸茸的Fiat仍然是违法的。)可知这三辆车的共同之处是它们都由于某些原因没有被使用。故选D。
(3)文章出处题。由此篇文章第一段的内容Motoring writer, Simon Heptinstall once said that the most interesting thing about cars isn't the car at all. Is it true that the motorists make better stories than their motors Here are 3 stories to help make your own decision."(汽车作家Simon Heptinstall曾经说过, 关于汽车最有趣的事情根本不是汽车本身。司机的故事真的比他们的汽车更精彩吗 这里有三个故事可以帮助你做出自己的决定。)可知文章讲了三个有趣的司机故事， 所以文章有可能来自一本汽车杂志。故选C。
B
【解析】：A A A C
本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己如何通过反思而产生了自己新的专栏， 来说明反思可以推动我们前进。
24.细节理解题。根据第二段中 “But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his care er every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so often is going a bit far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是伦纳德·伍尔夫， 作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔的丈夫，曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分， 但我确实发现，在我自己的工作生涯中，如果你能偶尔在同一机构或同一业务领域尝试一份新工作， 这是一种很好的提神剂) ”可知，作者放弃写专栏是因为他采纳了伦纳德·伍尔夫的建议。故选A项。
25.推理判断题。根据第四段中“As my monthly survey of developments in both traditional and digital publishing continue d, in this magazine, I began to realize t hat writers in this century, of both fiction and non-fiction, are living in something close to a paradise. Once, you struggled for years to find a publisher—or an agent if you wanted one—but now you can publish your own stuff, either digitally or in paperback, without it costing y ou a penny piece.(随着我每月对传统出版和数字出版发展的调查继续进行，在这本杂志上， 我开始意识到， 这个世纪的小说和非小说作家， 都生活在一个接近天堂的地方。曾经，你要花好几年的时间才能找到出版商——如果你想找的话也可以找个代理商——但现在你可以出版自己的作品了， 无论是电子版的还是平装本的， 每本都不用花一分钱) ”可推知， 作者认为现今对小说和非小说作家非常友好， 活在当下是一种福气。故选A项。
26.推理判断题。根据第一段“The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one's life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years pa st I have taken advantage o f the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上, 新年伊始是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候；多年来，我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱负) ”可知，作者是个善于自我反省的人, 再根据二段中 “But Leonard Woolf, husband of writer Virginia Wool, used to say that a man should change his career every seven years. Though personally I would say that changing your whole career so of ten is going a bi t far, I do find, during my own working life, that it acts as a great refresher if you can occasionally try a new job within the same organization or line of business.(但是伦纳德·伍尔夫， 作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔的丈夫， 曾经说过一个男人应该每七年换一次职业。虽然我个人会说，如此频繁地改变整个职业生涯有点过分， 但我确实发现， 在我自己的工作生涯中， 如果你能偶尔在同一机构或同一业务领域尝试一份新工作，这是一种很好的提神剂) ”可知， 作者是个目的明确的人，所以综上可知， 我认为作者是个目标明确，善于自我反省的人。故选A项。
27. 主旨大意题。根据第一段 “The turn of the year is traditionally the time for reviewing one's life, and perhaps for making some resolutions as to what to concentrate on in the coming year; and for many years pa st I have taken advantage o f the holiday period to review my own goal and ambition.(传统上, 新年伊始是回顾人生的时候，或许也是制定新年计划的时候；多年来， 我一直利用假期回顾自己的目标和抱负) ”可知， 本文主要是讲作者如何反思自己， 再根据最后一段“After about five years of producing such columns, at just under a thousand words a time, it occurred to me that, rather than let these essays drift away on the seas of time, it might be of value to potential readers to publish my thoughts and comments in book form. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB columns in paperback format, using Amazon's Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejoice! A monthly diary of the dawn of the digital age, which was my first trial. And now I sincerely wish a new 2022. (在写了大约5年这样的专栏， 每次不到1000字之后，我突然想到， 与其让这些文章在时间的海洋中漂流，不如把我的想法和评论以书的形式发表出来， 对潜在的读者可能会有价值。因此，在2014年， 我用亚马逊的Create空间设施出版了第一批69个平装本的GOB专栏。标题：作家们欢呼吧！一本记录数字时代黎明的月报， 这是我的第一次尝试。现在， 我真诚地祝愿一个新的2022) ”可知，作者通过反思于是有了自己的又一新的专栏。所以作者主要想告诉我们反思可以推动我们前进。故选C项。
C
【解析】：C D B C
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了了解小行星的好处， 但也需谨防其对地球的危险，介绍了美国国家航空航天局的人造撞击器小行星重定向技术及其演示。
28.主旨大意题。由第一段中的“By visiting these near Earth objects to study the material that came from the solar nebula, we can look for answers to some of humankind’s mos t arresting questions, such as:How did the solar system form and where did the Earth’s water and other organic materials such as carbon come from In addition to unlocking clues about our solar system, asteroids may provide clues about our Earth. By understanding more about asteroids, we ma y learn more about past Earth impacts and possibly find ways to reduce the threat of future impacts.(通过访问这些近地天体来研究来自太阳星云的物质，我们可以寻找一些人类最引人注目的问题的答案，例如：太阳系是如何形成的，地球的水和碳等其他有机物质来自哪里 除了解开关于我们太阳系的线索外，小行星还可能提供关于我们地球的线索。通过更多地了解小行星，我们可能会更多地了解过去对地球的撞击，并可能找到减少未来撞击威胁的方法)”可知，第一段主要讲了为什么要探索小行星。故选C项。
29.推理判断题。由第二段“If we don’t want to go the way of the dinosaurs someday, we need to protect ourselves against the threat of being hit by a big asteroid. According to NASA, typically about once every 10,000 years, a rock y or iron asteroid the size of a football field could crash into our planet and possibly cause tidal waves big enough to flood coastal areas.(如果有一天我们不想走恐龙的路， 我们需要保护自己免受被大小行星撞击的威胁。据美国国家航空航天局称，通常每10000年就会有一颗足球场大小的岩石或铁小行星撞击我们的星球，并可能引发足以淹没沿海地区的潮汐)”可知，通常每10000年就会有一颗足球场大小的岩石或铁块大小的小行星撞击我们的星球，并可能引发灾难，恐龙已灭绝，作者在第二段中提到恐龙是为了展示小行星撞击造成的灾难。故选D项。
30.词句猜测题。由第四段中的“That’s why it’s vital to develop a way to neutralize such a threat to Earth. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test, launched in late November 2021, was the first mission to demonstrate a technology called asteroid redirection by manmade impactor. (这就是为什么开发一种方法来neutralize对地球的这种威胁至关重要。美国国家航空航天局的双小行星重定向测试于2021年11月下旬启动， 是首次演示人造撞击器小行星重定向技术的任务)”和“That would enable NASA to redirect potential threat s to miss Earth.(这将使美国国家航空航天局能够将潜在的威胁重新定向为错过地球)”可知，人造撞击器小行星重定向技术能使小行星错过地球， 可得出这是一种消除对地球威胁的方法, 划线词意为“避开 (avoid)”。故选B项。
31.细节理解题。由第一段中的“In addition to unlocking clues about our solar system, asteroids may provide clues about our Earth. By understanding more about asteroids, we may learn more about pa st Earth impacts an d possibly find ways to reduce the threat of future impacts.(除了解开关于我们太阳系的线索外小行星还可能提供关于我们地球的线线索外， 小行星还可能提供关于我们地球的线索。通过更多地了解小行星， 我们可能会更多地了解过去对地球的撞击， 并可能找到减少未来撞击威胁的方法)”可知， 探索小行星有助于我们了解地球。故选C项。
D
【解析】：B C C A
这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了科技发展所带来的一些负面影响。
32.推理判断题。根据第一段中“The US Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists, lawyers, social scientists and other experts to consider so me of these ethical dimensions.(美国电气与电子工程师协会(IEEE)最近要求科学家、律师、社会科学家和其他专家考虑这些伦理方面的一些问题。)”以及后文例子可知， 两个例子是为了引导读者思考高科技带来的伦理问题。故选B项。
33.词句猜测题。划线词句后文“As we move from headsets to what the IEEE committee describes as ‘more subtle and integrated sensory enhancements’ we will use technology to live in an illusory world in many aspects of our lives. (当我们从耳机转向IEEE委员会所描述的‘更微妙和综合的感官增强’时，我们将在生活的许多方面使用技术而生活在一个虚幻的世界中)”说明人们将在生活中的许多方面使用技术， 从而推知划线词句“Another example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will become pervasivein the next few years.(另一个例子：混合现实，包括虚拟现实，将在未来几年变得pervasive)”其中划线词汇应为“许多，更广泛”的意思， 选项C“普遍的，广泛的”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。
34.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段中“There is, of course, always a tension between innovation and regulation. But it can often seem that giant steps are taken in technology with minimal public discussion.(当然, 创新和监管之间总是存在矛盾。但在科技领域取得巨大进展时， 公众的讨论往往很少)”以及最后一段“It’s time for some messy, democratic discussions about the future of Al.(是时候就人工智能的未来进行一些复杂而民主的讨论了)”等内容可以推知， 作者对于技术上的重大进步所持的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
35.推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“To give two examples: on privacy, as we let more listening devices into our homes, how do we prevent the data they collect falling into the wrong hands through hacking (黑客) or simply being sold between companies with out us receiving any money Another example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will become pervasivein the next few years. A s we move from headsets to what the IEEE committee describes as ‘more subtle and integrated sensory enhancements’ we will use technology to live in an illusory world in many aspects of our lives. How do we balance the rights of the individual, control over our virtual identity, and the need to live and interact on a face-to-face basis while being empowered to live rich lives in mixed reality (举两个例子： 在隐私方面， 随着越来越多的监听设备进入我们的家庭， 我们如何防止它们收集的数据通过黑客手段落入坏人之手， 或者在我们没有得到任何钱的情况下在公司之间出售 另一个例子： 混合现实，包括虚拟现实， 将在未来几年普及。当我们从耳机转向IEEE委员会所描述的‘更微妙和综合的感官增强’时，我们将在生活的许多方面使用技术而生活在一个虚幻的世界中。我们如何平衡个人的权利、对虚拟身份的控制， 以及面对面生活和互动的需求，同时又能在混合现实中过上丰富的生活呢 )”以及后文中所举的自动驾驶车辆、机器人吸尘器以及物联网可能带来的问题可知， 作者通过揭露高科技的一些潜在问题表达自己的主张。故选A项。
七选五
【解析】：A C G E F
本文为说明文， 介绍相对于传统农场而言， 垂直农场的优点及其解决实际问题的应用。
36. A。段中句，既回答前句，又引出下句vertical farms 这一概念，因此选A。此处B 选项会对部分考生造成干扰。B选项貌似回答了第一句的问题，但是与后句逻辑联系不紧密。(如果此句经考试检验干扰性较强，则可视为一个成功的干扰项设计！当然祝广大考生考试顺利，哈哈！)
37. C。段中句，对前句的解释，说明垂直农场庄稼种植不需要土壤，但是可以用营养液来解决问题。因此选C。
38. G。段首句，此处即主题句。根据本段内容可以归纳得出，从保护环境来看，垂直农场比传统的露天农场更有效率，因此选G。若考生没有综合考虑全段的内容，则此处F选项会有轻微的干扰。
39. E。段中句，结合本段主旨大意，即垂直农场也有自己的弊端，所以E选项讲的是垂直衣场的弊端之二，即有些小型农作物因为没有蜜蜂传花授粉而无法种植，与前后两句共同说明了垂直农场的三个局限性，可知E选项符合题意。若考生没有综合把握全段段意，D选项会完美完成干扰使命！
40. F。段尾句，该句内容是对前句的进一步解释，垂直农场主要的一个优点就是帮助减少世界饥荒，这种方法能够在相对小的空间生产更多的粮食。
完形填空
【答案】41-45.ACDBB 46-50.ADCBA 51-55.ABCDB
解析：
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是2017年，美国旅居国外的克罗斯曼(Terry Crossman)如愿以偿地加入到了“西城大妈”的志愿者队伍中，本文主要讲述的是克罗斯曼在北京的个人经历。
41.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他于2017年加入西城大妈俱乐部。A.joined参加;B.extended延伸，拓展;C.advocated主张，拥护;D.sponsored赞助。根据下文中的“Joining the group has made Crossm an an online celebrity.”可知，此处指的是克罗斯曼“加入”大妈俱乐部。故选A项。
42.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:志愿者团主要由中年妇女组成。A.made of由.....制成;B. targeted at以.…..为目标;C.composed of由.....组成，D. opposed to反对。结合语境可知，此处表示俱乐部成员的构成，be composed of意为“由.….组成”符合句意。故选C项。
43.考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我想我的性格很合适，因为我非常热情，非常开放和友好。A.discrimination歧视;B.curiosity好奇;C.patience耐心;D.pe rsonality性格。根据下文中的“because I'm very wa rm-hearted, very open and friendly.”可知，克罗斯曼热心肠，开放又友好，所以此处介绍的是“性格”。故选D项。
44.考查动词词义辨析。句意:从宾夕法尼亚大学毕业后，克罗斯曼于1987年首次来到北京经商。A. learning学习;B.graduating毕业;C.coming到来;D. hearing听到。根据下文中的“from the University of Pennsylvania”以及常识可知，此处介绍的克罗斯曼从大学“毕业”后来到北京。故选B项。
45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:三十年来，他见证了北京生活水平的现代化和快速提高。A.boosted促进; B.witnessed目睹;C.demonstrated展示;D.transformed转换。根据下文中的“the modernization and rapid improvement of the living standards in Beijing”可知，此处指的是克罗斯曼“见证”了北京的变化。故选B项。
46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们现在都有电热而不是煤热，所以它比以前干净得多。A. cleaner干净的;B.milder柔和的;C.mistier朦胧的;D.free r自由的。根据上文中的“We all have electric heat n ow instead of coal heat”以及so可知，因为不使用煤炭供热，所以现在北京比以前更“干净”。故选A项。
47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这里的人们设法保留了一些古老的北京，我为这座城市这样做感到骄傲。A.convinced确信的;B.informed有见识的;C.tired疲惫的;D.proud自豪的。根据下文中的“Cross man considers himself a Beijinger at heart and has made Beijing his permanent___9___.”可知，克罗斯曼把自己当做北京人，由此可知，他为北京的做法感到自豪。故选D项。
48.考查名词词义辨析。句意:克罗斯曼一生中的大部分时间都在北京度过，他认为自己内心是一个北京人，并将北京作为他永久的家。A.bit小片，小块; B. minority少数;C.majority大多数;D.maximum最大化。根据上文中的“He and his family then moved there in 1997. Over the past three decades,..."可知，克罗斯曼在北京已经待了30多年，所以此处表示他一生中的大部分时间在北京度过。故选C项。
49.考查名词词义辨析。句意:克罗斯曼一生中的大部分时间都在北京度过，他认为自己内心是一个北京人，并将北京作为他永久的家。A. neighborhood街区;B.home家园;C.boundary边界;D.trap陷阱，圈套。根据上文中的“Crossman considers himse If a Beijinger at heart”可知，克罗斯曼从心底把自己看做是一名北京人，所以把北京当成他的“家”。故选B项。
50.考查副词词义辨析。句意:但克罗斯曼对中国的热爱远远超出了自然风光。A.far远远地;B. accurately准确地;C.automatically自动地;D. eventually最后，终于。根据下文中的“He has studied Chines e history, literature, sociology and philosophy.”可知，克罗斯曼对中国的爱“远”不止于自然风光，此处表示程度更加突出克罗斯曼对中国的爱。故选A项。
51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:克罗斯曼说，当他第一次阅读老子的《道德经》时，他十几岁时就对中国文化产生了兴趣，道教教义一直影响着他直到现在。A. interested感兴趣的;B.bathed沐浴的;C. advanced先进的;D.gifted有天赋的。根据上文中的“But Crossman's love for China goes____10__ beyond natural scenery.”以及下文中他所研究的中国历史，文学等可知，此处指的是克罗斯曼对中国文化感兴趣。故选A项。
52.考查动词词义辨析。句意:克罗斯曼说，当他第一次阅读老子的《道德经》时，他十几岁时就对中国文化产生了兴趣，道教教义一直影响着他直到现在。A.grasped抓住，领会;B.influenced影响;C.detected探测;D.absorbed吸收。根据下文中的“Taoism has helped Crossman to not only enjoy serving people as a community volunteer,...”可知，此处指的是道教的教义深深地“影响”着他。故选B项。
53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我的意思是我喜欢道教或无为之类的思想:我喜欢与大自然融合的理念，顺其自然:如果你信任宇宙，宇宙就会回报你。”A. story故事;B.goal目标;C.idea想法;D.process过程。根据下文中的“...going with nature, Shunqizi ran: if you trust the universe, the universe will __14____you.”可知，这些都是道德经中的一些理念或者思想，与之前的concepts相应。故选C项。
54.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我的意思是我喜欢道教或无为之类的思想:我喜欢与大自然融合的理念，顺其自然:如果你信任宇宙，宇宙就会回馈你。”A. motivate激励;B.inspect监管;C.amuse使愉快; D.reward奖励。此处解释的是顺其自然的理念，按照自然的规律做事，大自然就会“回馈”人类。故选D项。
55.考查动词词义辨析。句意:道教帮助克罗斯曼不仅享受到作为社区志愿者为人们服务的乐趣，而且还帮助他抓住现在，活在当下。A.exist存在;B. live居住;C.believe相信;D.wander徘徊，游荡。根据and表明此处以上文内容一致，结合上文中的“also to seize today”可知，要抓住现在，活在当下。故选B项。
语法填空
【答案】
56．a 57．was discovered 58．dating 59．accidentally 60．which
61．as 62．admiration 63．to have found 64．dynasties 65．had dug
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。近日考古学家在四川广汉城外的一个小型古代社区遗址中挖掘时，意外地发现了一尊小猪雕像。它因长得和手机游戏《愤怒的小鸟》中的主角绿猪一模一样而成为了热门话题。
56．考查冠词。句意：近日，一尊古老的泥猪雕像成为了热门话题，因为它长得和手机游戏《愤怒的小鸟》中的主角绿猪一模一样。根据hot topic可知此处要用冠词修饰名词。hot首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
57．考查时态和语态。句意：这件艺术品是在中国西南部一个有近5000年历史的古代定居点的废墟下发现的。根据nearly 5,000 years可知时态是一般过去时，此处做谓语，主语The artwork 与discover之间是被动关系，因此要用被动语态。故填was discovered。
58．考查现在分词。句意：这件艺术品是在中国西南部一个有近5000年历史的古代定居点的废墟下发现的。短语date back“追溯到”，无被动语态，此处用现在分词做定语。故填dating。
59．考查副词。句意：考古学家在四川广汉城外的一个小型古代社区遗址中挖掘时，意外地发现了这尊小猪雕像。根据谓语动词found 可知此处要用副词修饰动词。故填accidentally。
60．考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：这个村庄位于三星堆外8公里处，三星堆是一个青铜时代的王国，可能形成于大约5000年前，而猪雕像被认为有3200年的历史。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sanxingdui，且在定语从句中充当主语，因此关系词要用which。故填which。
61．考查介词。句意：研究人员称，这尊猪雕像“可爱、生动、精致”，代表了该地区史前居民的先进水平。固定短语be described as“被描述为”，as是介词。故填as。
62．考查名词。句意：在微博上，一位网友激动地表达了他的赞赏：“这是《愤怒的小鸟》里的猪！”根据形容词性物主代词his 可知此处要用名词，做expressed的宾语。故填admiration。
63．考查不定式的完成时。句意：该研究小组声称，他们在这一遗址发现了从5000年前到明清朝时期人类持续活动的痕迹。claim后常用不定式，根据tracks of continuous human activity on this site from 5,000 years ago可知此处要用不定式的完成时态，表示“发现”这一动作已经完成。故填to have found。
64．考查名词的复数。句意：该研究小组声称，他们在这一遗址发现了从5000年前到明清朝时期人类持续活动的痕迹。根据Ming and Qing可知此处要用名词的复数形式，表示“明清朝”。故填dynasties。
65．考查时态。句意：到6月底，他们已经挖掘了4500平方米。根据By the end of June可知此处要用过去完成时，表示在六月底已经挖掘了4500平方米。故填had dug。
应用文写作
One possible version : Dear boys and girls,
With the reading month approaching, I'm here to call on all of you to do more reading.
Reading can benefit us a lot. First, it can enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right and wrong. which lays a solid foundation for further learning. Furthermore, as a famous writer put it, "Reading a good book is like talking with a noble man." By reading books, we can gain the wisdom helping us solve practical problems in our daily life. All in all, the advantages of reading are beyond description.
Let's take action to do more reading. Only through reading can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired and success achieved.
Students’ Union
[解析]
【导语]本文是一篇应用文。要求考生以学生会的名义写一封倡议书，在“读书月”活动到来之际呼吁学生多读书。
[详解]1.词汇积累
使……受益:benefit→be beneficial to首先:first→first of all通过:by→through获得:gain→obtain
2.句式拓展简单句变强调句
原句:By reading books, we can gain the wisdom helping us solve practical problems in our daily life.
强调句:It is by reading books that we can gain the wisdom helping us solve practical problems in our daily life.【点睛]【高分句型1]First, it can enrich our minds and teach us to distinguish between right and wrong, which lays a solid foundation for further leaming. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型 2] Only through reading can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired and success achieved.(运用了部分倒装以及省略)
读后续写
【答案】
I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling. “What was that you said about sports ” Upon hearing this, I stood there, a ray of hope gleaming before me. I turned to him and extended my ardent devotion to sports and professional skills in broadcasting, expecting a positive response. There was a short silence while MacArthur thought deeply about this. Then he stood me before a microph one and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. My body tensed and a surge of excitement rose from the bottom of my heart as I heard his word of approval. Though nervousness took hold of me in t he process, the attempt has been a roaring success. To my surprise, an internship was promised.
With the good news, I can't resist my urge to be ho me. On my way home, I could hardly control my excitement The salty tear glided down my face. As I arrived home, I can't wait to share this with my mom, eyes brimming over with warm excited tears. Apparently, exhilaration was in the air. More than once I had depicted such a scene. The proceeding autumn, our city team won a game in the last 20 seconds. I did a 15-minute build-up to that play and t hat commentary met with the explosion of applause and thunderstorm cheers, which finally had me p ass the internship. Many times since, I thought of my mother's words, “If you carry on, one day some thing good will happen. And you should prepare yourself for the disappointment before the coming go od result." Indeed, it works.
【解析】
本文以找工作为线索展开，讲述了作者毕业后努力找工作的经历，在父母的鼓励和帮助下，作者不屈不挠，争取一切机会，最终成功的故事。[详解]
1.段落续写:
由第一段首句内容“我在等电梯时听到MacArthur在叫我。”可知，第一段可描写MacArthur给了作者一次试播机会，作者尽力展现自己，并取得成功。
②由第二段首句内容“有了这个好消息，我忍不住有了想回家的冲动。”可知，第二段可描写作者回家和父母分享成功的喜悦和兴奋。
2.续写线索:回身转向--要求试播--惊讶--成功-一回家--分享--兴奋
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.要求:ask/require②.分享:share/divide情绪类
①.惊讶: to one's surprise/be surprised②.兴奋的:excited/exalted【点睛]
[高分句型1]. Upon hearing this, I stood there, a ray of hope gleaming before me.(由介词加非谓语动词动名词作状语)
[高分句型2]. As I arrived home, I can't wait to share this with my mom, eyes brimming over with war m excited tears.(运用了独立主格结构作状语)