高三英语第八次周考
一、阅读理解（共15个小题，每题2.5分）
A
There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe:
On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle
Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.
The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus
In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.
The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville
Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.
1．What can we learn about the book On the Heavens
A．It is banned from printing.
B．It mainly focuses on philosophy.
C．It is used by many schools today.
D．It has proven almost completely wrong.
2．What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common
A．They revealed the truth of the universe.
B．They are master works of the same era.
C．They explored the center of the universe.
D．They regard the universe as an integrated system.
3．Which book brings more motivation to women in science
A．On the Heavens.
B．Physical Geography.
C．The Mechanism of the Heavens.
D．The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres.
B
When I was a boy there were no puters were something you saw in Star Trek, and our television only got one clear channel. Still, I was never bored. The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground where adventures were only limited by my imagination.
I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake and slowly walking around it. At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. I immediately set out to travel along it. It was full of potholes (坑洼) and muddy tire tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.
I walked on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear to turn around and head back home but I was stubborn and even a bit stupid, so I walked on.
The dirt road gave way to a paved one. But there was still neither a car nor a house in sight. My legs were getting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down. I didn’t want to end up being trapped on this road in the dark of night, but I was sure it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again. I got cold feet. My heart was pounding and my legs were trembling. But I continued to walk on. I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance. It was my house that I recognized. I walked in with a big smile on my face just in time for dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a good night’s sleep.
From this experience, I realized that in life all roads, no matter what their twists and turns are, can lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes here on Earth. They can lead us to our homes in our hearts.
4．What do we learn about the author in his childhood from Paragraph 1
A．He often imagined playing freely.
B．He enjoyed playing computer games.
C．He was wild about adventures.
D．He had no access to technology.
5．What can we know about the dirt road
A．There was no traffic on it.
B．It was a road across the forest.
C．It was the only way to the lake.
D．He had explored it many times.
6．What does the underlined sentence mean
A．The author felt cold.
B．The author grew scared.
C．The author got excited.
D．The author was exhausted.
7．What is the message want to convey in the passage
A．No pain, no gain.
B．East, west, home is best.
C．All roads lead to home.
D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C
In a digital age, we almost never write things by hand. However, multiple studies have shown that this act has many benefits.
New brain research, led by researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, confirms the same choosing handwriting over using a keyboard results in better learning and memory.
“When you write your shopping list or lecture notes by hand, you simply remember the content better afterwards,” said Audrey Van der Meer, author of the study.
The study was conducted using equipment to track and record brain wave activity. The participants included 12 young adults and 12 children. This is the first time that children have participated in such a study. Each subject was asked to write by hand and type on a keyboard while wearing a hood (风帽) with over 250 electrodes (电极). The sensors in the electrodes are very sensitive and pick up the electrical activity that takes place in the brain. Each examination took 45 minutes per person.
The results showed that the brain in both young adults and children is much more active when writing by hand than when typing on a keyboard. According to Van der Meer, plenty of senses are activated (激活) by pressing a pen on paper, seeing the letters written and hearing the sound made while writing. These sense experiences build contact between different parts of the brain, opening the brain up for learning.
Van der Meer believes that the outcomes stress the importance of children being challenged to draw and write at an early age, especially at school. “Learning to write by hand is a bit slower process, but it’s important for children to go through the tiring phase of learning to write by hand”, she said.
The hand movements used to form the shapes of letters are beneficial in several ways. “If you use a keyboard, you use the same movement for each letter. Writing by hand requires control of your fine motor (精细动作) skills and senses. It’s important to put the brain in a learning state as often as possible,” Van der Meer added. For example, you might use a keyboard to write an essay, but you should take notes by hand during a lecture.
8.What advantage does choosing hand writing have over using keyboard
A. It's more challenging.
B. It's better for learning and memory.
C. It's less likely to cause tiredness.
D. It's more popular among students.
9．Why does the brain become more active when writing by hand than when typing on a keyboard according to Van der Meer
A．More senses are made active when writing by hand.
B．Writing by hand is easier on the brain.
C．Noise made by typing doesn’t distract the brain when writing by hand.
D．The brain is more used to the skills required to write by hand.
10．How does Van der Meer think handwriting benefits people
A．It increases people’s interest in learning.
B．It allows children to become more patient.
C．It helps people develop fine motor skills.
D．It allows people to write better essays.
11．What’s the main purpose of the text
A．To report on new research on writing
B．To encourage the use of handwriting
C．To explain how handwriting affects adults and children differently
D．To advise children to start to write early
D
Have you ever been in a situation where you couldn’t understand why someone failed to grasp what you were trying to explain You thought the concept was so simple, and yet they didn’t seem to get it.
You are influenced by “the curse（诅咒）of knowledge”. It’s a cognitive bias (认知偏差): once we learn something, we kind of lose the memory of not knowing it and the empathy (共鸣) for people who don’t know it.
When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.
Think of a time when you were only 4 and your parents were trying to teach you how to do single digit addition. You kept getting the answers wrong however much they guided. Finally, they shouted, “How come you can’t even solve such a simple question!” Your parents had forgotten what it was like not to know how to do addition, and couldn’t explain it to you in a way that you may have become frustrated or irritated with each other, which only added to the family conflicts.
So, how can we avoid the curse of knowledge One way is to empathize with others. Try to see things from their perspective and remember what it was like not to know that concept. Use everyday language and simple examples to explain complex ideas. This will help the other person understand and prevent miscommunication. Another is to ask questions. Ask the other person what they understand and what they are confused about. This can help you tailor your explanation to their needs and avoid assumptions that can lead to frustration.
12．What does “the curse of knowledge” refer to
A．A memory problem that occurs while grasping ideas.
B．A personal quality that makes people mean to others.
C．A thinking error that results in a communication gap.
D．A mental condition that prevents people from learning.
13．What does the third paragraph talk about concerning the curse of knowledge
A．Its roots. B．Its effects.
C．Its benefits. D．Its definition.
14．How does the author illustrate the curse of knowledge in paragraph 4
A．By giving a relevant example.
B．By raising a personal question.
C．By comparing it to a similar concept.
D．By distinguishing it from a general theory.
15．In which situation is the curse of knowledge most likely to be avoided
A．A teacher asks students for their feedback in class.
B．A parent blames a child for failing to do a simple task.
C．A doctor uses medical terms when speaking with a patient.
D．A chef gets impatient when teaching a beginner how to cook.
二、七选五（共5小题，每题2.5分）
Improve your memory
Some people often complain about their poor memory. Actually there are several ways to keep your memory sharp. This article will show you some simple tips.
16 When you say these things, you begin to plant the thought in your mind and it may become true. Tell yourself you can remember anything as long as you put your mind to the task. You will see an improvement in your memory.
17 If you have trouble remembering phone numbers or other blocks of numbers, it can be really helpful to try this method. If you remember them in smaller groups, like two or three digits (数字), it will also be much easier to remember the numbers.
Be sure to see a doctor if you are really losing your memory. A poor memory can be a sign that you are in low spirits. 18
Playing games also helps improve your memory. Any type of games that involves remembering things is wonderful. 19 Try and remember it when you have nothing better to do. A useful tip for anyone interested in games is to often work on solving word puzzles and similar types of games. 20
Not only will your memory probably improve, but you will also have a great deal of fun.
A．Remember numbers in small groups.
B．Stop telling yourself you have a weak memory.
C．Take a right attitude.
D．If you don’t like games, you can go over a list of "to do things".
E．If so, treating it could be the key to getting your memory back.
F．If you don’t know your condition, you cannot treat it!
G. Such games use the same skills needed to remember facts and help keep the mind sharp.
三、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分）
I wrote my first novel when I was 22. It was a mess. I didn’t know how to properly organize dialogues and structure a plot (情节). Those were all 21 . I planned to work out later. I gave the book to my father to read, and he left me a voice mail in a few days saying that it was 22 and that I was going to sell it for $300,000.
23 , and rather quickly, the book was 24 by every publisher in New York. If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it. I was 25 : of course, but I knew better than to give up—writing wasn’t an easy job, and if this book wasn’t my 26 in, maybe the next one would be. I got back to work.
But this scenario (剧情) happened again: I wrote books...and then they wouldn’t 27 . Still, my father’s faith in me never wavered (动摇), even if I worked a host of other jobs. Some of the jobs, like being a bookseller, were great and 28 to my writing life. Some, like selling overpriced jeans to 12-year-olds, were only insofar as（在...的范围）they were material for future 29 . And they were—because it finally 30 . I sold a book! I was going to make it big!
I completely agree with the motivation speaker and author John Maxwell’s words: “Successful and unsuccessful people do not vary greatly in their abilities but in their 31 to reach their potential.” Life’s not 32 . It never was, it isn’t now, and it won’t ever be. But do not fall into the entitlement trap of feeling you are a(n) 33 . You are not. Get over it and 34 with it. And yes, most things are more 35 when you break a sweat to get them.
21．A．facts B．messages C．meanings D．details
22．A．practical B．complex C．wonderful D．puzzling
23．A．But B．Instead C．Therefore D．Regardless
24．A．rejected B．accepted C．abused D．commended
25．A．depressed B．amazed C．frightened D．pleased
26．A．card B．ticket C．pen D．bill
27．A．write B．buy C．work D．sell
28．A．unearthed B．taught C．led D．contributed
29．A．lives B．decisions C．stories D．jobs
30．A．happened B．failed C．made D．passed
31．A．request B．order C．recommendation D．desire
32．A．sad B．anxious C．hard D．easy
33．A．athlete B．loser C．owner D．winner
34．A．make up B．get along C．give out D．pass away
35．A．challenge B．demanding C．rewarding D．paying
四、语法填空（共15个小题，每题1.5分）
English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said, “Where there’s tea, there’s hope.” 36 （similar）, a Chinese saying goes that “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea are the seven necessities to begin a day.”
Tea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world. It 37 （become）the most consumed beverage（除水以外的饮料）in the world in the past few decades—after water. Tea is not just a hot drink, 38 has an effect on many cultures around the world. People in China use top-grade tea to show respect when 39 （receive）important guests. Meanwhile, the British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that country’s identity. Making Malaysia’s pulled tea becomes a sort of art form, 40 drinkers take pride in its entertainment aspects.
Apart from its 41 （culture）significance, tea is also a medicine, 42 （use）from ancient times to modern day. “Tea is cold and 43 (lower) the fire,” Chinese Ming Dynasty herbalist Li Shizhen once said. The health 44 （benefit）of tea are still being discovered today. Therefore, many nutritionists tend to recommend green tea 45 a better option than any other drink.
Hot or cold, bagged or loose-leaf, tea is more than a drink—it’s a social custom and also a magic medicine, a link to the past and a way of life.
五、单句语法填空（共10小题，每题2分）
46． (improve) our spoken English, we hold the English Corner every other week.
47．It is no good (read) without understanding.
48．I would appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
49．It was the first time that he (participate) in a scientific program.
50．Upon (graduate) from university, he joined a small law firm.
51．Here is the girl school bag has been stolen.
52．He will keep you (inform) of what is going on.
53．In my view, high school students should eat more fruit and vegetables, which can be
(benefit) to their health.
54．The letter he had looked forward to (arrive) yesterday.
55. After several years of hard work and efforts, Xu Beihong finally achieved local success
and (recognize).
参考答案：
一、阅读理解
1．D 2．C 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍三本对人类思考我们在宇宙中的位置和目的的方式产生了重大影响的书籍。
1．细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years. Eventually, almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型。作为亚里士多德世界观的代表作，这本书意义重大。亚里士多德世界观是一种哲学流派，在近2000年的时间里主导了智力思维。最终，书中几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的，但《论天》这本仍在印刷的书，提供了一个关于天文演化的迷人视角)”可知，On the Heavens这本书几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的)model of the universe in the book.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型)”以及小标题The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus下的“In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.(在这本书中，哥白尼认为太阳而不是地球是宇宙的中心。地球作为一颗行星围绕太阳运行。哥白尼提出的最重要的优点是，他把宇宙看成一个整体系统，所有的行星都优雅地和谐地一起运动)”可知，On the Heavens和The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres两本书的共同点是它们探索了宇宙的中心。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据小标题The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville下的“Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.(与他的《自然地理学》不同，这本书被认为是对天体运动理解的重要贡献。它对天文学家和学生来说都是非常有价值的，被当作教科书用了半个多世纪。这本书经过多次修订，以跟上天文学发展的步伐。它证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性)”可知，The Mechanism of the Heavens这本书证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性，能给投身科学的女性带来更多动力。故选C项。
4．C 5．B 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者通过小时候的一次经历告诉我们，所有的路都是回家的路，不管我们经历什么样的波折，这些路都会指引着我们回家。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The fields, hills, and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground where adventures were only limited by my imagination.(我家周围的田野、山丘和林地是完美的游乐场，在那里，冒险只受到我的想象力的限制)”可知，除了作者的想象力之外，没有什么能够限制作者的冒险。由此可知，作者童年时热衷于冒险。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was full of potholes (坑洼) and muddy tire tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.(这条路到处都是坑洼和泥泞的车辙，两边都是茂密的树林，但探索这条路似乎仍然是一场不错的冒险)”可知，这条土路的两旁都是森林。由此可知，那条土路是一条穿过森林的路。故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线句上文“I noticed that the sun was starting to go down. I didn’t want to end up being trapped on this road in the dark of night, but I was sure it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.(我注意到太阳开始下山了。我不想在黑夜中被困在这条路上，但我确信在我再次回到湖边之前，天就会黑了)”可知，作者不想在夜里被困在这条路上，但又确定自己无法在天黑之前返回湖边。再根据划线句下文“My heart was pounding and my legs were trembling. But I continued to walk on. I was almost in tears when I turned one last curve and saw something in the distance.(我的心怦怦直跳，我的腿在发抖。但我继续往前走。当我转过最后一个弯，看到远处有什么东西时，我几乎要哭了)”可推知，划线句I got cold feet.指的应是作者害怕了。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是最后一段“From this experience, I realized that in life all roads, no matter what their twists and turns are, can lead us home again. They can lead us to our homes here on Earth. They can lead us to our homes in our hearts.(从这次经历中，我意识到，在生活中，所有的道路，无论多么曲折，都可以把我们带回家。它们可以指引我们回到地球上的家。它们可以引导我们回到我们心中的家)”可知，最后一段升华了文章的主题，强调了所有的路都是“回家”的路，所有的路都能指引我们“回家”。故选C。
8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了最新研究表明用手书写这种行为对人有很多好处。
8．细节理解题。根据原文choosing handwriting over using a keyboard results in better learning and memory.(选择手写会带好的学习和记忆。）可知它对学习和记忆有好处。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“According to Van der Meer, plenty of senses are activated (激活) by pressing a pen on paper, seeing the letters written and hearing the sound made while writing. These sense experiences build contact between different parts of the brain, opening the brain up for learning. (根据范德米尔的说法，把笔按在纸上，看到写出来的字母，听到写出来的声音，很多感官都会被激活。这些感官体验在大脑的不同部分之间建立联系，打开大脑学习的大门。)”可知，用手写字时大脑比用键盘打字时更活跃是因为当用手写字时，更多的感官被激活。故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第六和七段“Van der Meer believes that the outcomes stress the importance of children being challenged to draw and write at an early age, especially at school. (范德米尔认为，研究结果强调了孩子在很小的时候，尤其是在学校里，接受绘画和写作挑战的重要性。)”以及“If you use a keyboard, you use the same movement for each letter. Writing by hand requires control of your fine motor (精细动作) skills and senses. It’s important to put the brain in a learning state as often as possible. (如果你使用键盘，你对每个字母使用相同的移动。用手写字需要控制你的精细运动技能和感官。让大脑尽可能多地处于学习状态是很重要的。)”可知，Van der Meer认为书写对人有益，它帮助人们发展精细的运动技能。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一和六、七段“In a digital age, we almost never write things by hand. However, multiple studies have shown that this act has many benefits. (在数字时代，我们几乎从不手写东西。然而，多项研究表明，这种行为有很多好处。)”和“Learning to write by hand is a bit slower process, but it’s important for children to go through the tiring phase of learning to write by hand. (学习手写是一个有点慢的过程，但重要的是让孩子们度过学习手写的累阶段)”以及“you might use a keyboard to write an essay, but you should take notes by hand during a lecture.(你可以用键盘写文章，但你应该在讲课时手写笔记。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是通过研究表明书写的好处，从而鼓励大家采用书写方式。故选B项。
12．C 13．B 14．A 15．A
【导语】本篇为说明文。介绍了“知识诅咒”这一认知偏差、它所导致的负面影响，以及如何在生活中避免“知识诅咒”的发生。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“You are influenced by ‘the curse of knowledge’. It’s a cognitive bias: once we learn something, we kind of lose the memory of not knowing it and the empathy for people who don’t know it.(你受到“知识诅咒”的影响。这是一种认知偏见：一旦我们学到了什么，我们就会失去对不知道它的记忆，以及对不知道的人的同理心。)”以及第三段“When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”可知，知识诅咒是一种认知偏差，会引发误解，换句话说，是一种导致沟通差距的思维错误。故选C。
2. 主旨大意题。第三段“When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识的诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”主要讨论了知识诅咒带来的负面影响：沟通破裂；对对话方的恼怒和对于对方不理解自己的沮丧；误解和争吵；感觉自己高人一等，从而破坏关系甚至给家庭带来非常不好的氛围。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段的开头“Think of a time when you were only 4 and your parents were trying to teach you how to do single digit addition. You kept getting the answers wrong however much they guided. Finally, they shouted, “How come you can’t even solve such a simple question!” (回想一下，当你只有4岁的时候，你的父母正在教你如何做单位数加法。不管他们怎么引导你，你总是答错。最后，他们喊道：“你们怎么连这么简单的问题都解决不了！”)”可知，作者让读者设想一个小时候学习计算题被父母批评“这么简单的题都不会做”的情景，详细分析了这个故事里父母犯的错，所以说采用了引用相关例子的方法。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ask the other person what they understand and what they are confused about. This can help you tailor your explanation to their needs and avoid assumptions that can lead to frustration.(问问别人他们了解什么，他们对什么感到困惑。这可以帮助你根据他们的需要来调整你的解释，避免可能导致挫折的假设。)”可知，为了避免知识诅咒，我们在沟通时可以选择不断询问对方是否明白自己或是否有困惑来及时解决沟通问题。而A选项“教师及时在课堂上询问学生的反馈”最有可能避免知识的诅咒。故选A。
二、七选五
16．B 17．A 18．E 19．D 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者给我们提出了一些改善记忆的方法。
16．考查对上下文语境的理解。本段的内容为：如果你说类似的话，你就会把这个想法放在心里，而这就可能是真的了。你要告诉自己，只要自己努力记，就能记住。也就是说，不要暗示自己记不住，一定要给自己积极的心理暗示。故B（不要总是说你记忆不好。 ）符合上下文。故选B。
17．考查对上下文语境的理解。联系下文的“If you remember them in smaller groups, like two or three digits(数字), it will also be much easier to remember the number.”可知，作者建议我们用两三个数字这样的小群体来记忆数字。故选A。
18．考查对上下文语境的理解。空前句意：如果你真的失去记忆，要去看医生。糟糕的记忆可能是你情绪低落的迹象。故这里E（如果是这样的话，治疗可能是你记忆恢复的关键。）符合上下文，故选E。
19．考查对上下文语境的理解。空格前谈到，任何涉及记忆事物的游戏都能帮我们提高记忆。空格后又指出，当你没有别的更好的事情可做时，你可以尝试着记忆这个。可以推知，空格处说的是如果不喜欢玩游戏，也可以做其他的事情，故D（如果不喜欢游戏，你可以检查一下要做的事情的清单。）符合上下文，故选D。
20．考查对上下文语境的理解。作者在空格前的句子中建议我们做一些和字谜有关的游戏，空格后面指出这些游戏的结果（不仅能改善记忆而且很有趣），可知空格处是对字谜作用的说明，故G（类似的游戏使用了跟记忆事实相同的技能，有助于我们保持思维的敏捷。）符合上下文，故选G。
三、完形填空
21．D 22．C 23．B 2 4．A 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．B 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者想成为一名作家，但他写的书卖不出去，他没有放弃，不断努力，最终获得了成功，成功卖出自己的书。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些都是细节。A. facts事实；B. messages信息；C. meanings意义；D. details细节。根据上文“I didn’t know how to properly organize dialogues and structure a plot (情节).”可知，我不知道如何正确地组织对话和构建情节，“对话和情节”属于一本小说的细节。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把这本书交给父亲阅读，几天后他给我留了一封语音邮件，说这本书精彩了，我打算以30万美元的价格把它卖掉。A. practical实用的；B. complex复杂的；C. wonderful精彩的；D. puzzling令人费解的。根据“I planned to work out later. I gave the book to my father to read, and he left me a voice mail in a few days”和下文“Still, my father’s faith in me never wavered”可知，父亲一直认为我的书写的很好，一直相信我，由此可知，他认为这本书是精彩的。故选C项。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，这本书很快就遭到了纽约所有出版商的拒绝。A. But只有；B. Instead相反；C. Therefore因此；D. Regardless不管。根据上文“I was going to sell it for $300,000”和下文“If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it.”可知，我认为自己的书能够卖出去，相反，这本书遭到了出版商的拒绝。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，这本书很快就遭到了纽约所有出版商的拒绝。A. rejected拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. abused滥用；D. commended称赞。根据下文“If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it.”可知，我可能会获得“最多拒绝”奖，由此可知，这本书遭到了纽约所有出版商的拒绝。故选A项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧：当然，但我知道不能放弃——写作不是一件容易的事，如果这本书不是我的入场券，也许下一本会是。A. depressed沮丧的；B. amazed吃惊的；C. frightened害怕的；D. pleased高兴的。根据下文“If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it.”可知，我的书遭到了很多出版商的拒绝，由此可知，我很沮丧。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很沮丧：当然，但我知道不能放弃——写作不是一件容易的事，如果这本书不是我的入场券，也许下一本会是。A. card卡片；B. ticket入场券；C. pen钢笔；D. bill账单。根据上文“If there were a literary prize for Most Rejections, I would have won it.”可知，我的书失败了，由此可知，这本书不是我跻身作家领域的“入场券”。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这种剧情再次发生：我写书……然后它们没卖掉。A. write写；B. buy买；C. work工作；D. sell卖。根据句中“But this scenario (剧情) happened again”可知，同样的剧情再次发生，由此可知，和之前一样，我的书没卖掉。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一些工作，比如做一名书商，非常棒，为我的写作生涯做出了贡献。A. unearthed挖掘；B. taught教；C. led引领；D. contributed贡献。根据下文“Some, like selling overpriced jeans to 12-year-olds, were only insofar as they were material for future ___9__.”可知，我的工作经历为我的写作提供了素材，由此可知，我的工作为我的写作生涯做出了贡献。故选D项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些，比如向12岁的孩子出售价格过高的牛仔裤，只是因为它们是未来故事的素材。A. lives生活；B. decisions决定；C. stories故事；D. jobs工作。根据上文“Some of the jobs, like being a bookseller, were great and ___8__ to my writing life.”可知，我的工作为我的写作生涯做出了贡献，由此可知，其中一些经历为我未来写的故事提供了素材。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是——因为事情终于发生了。A. happened发生；B. failed失败；C. made制造；D. passed通过。根据下文“I sold a book!”可知，我卖了一本书，由此可知，我期盼的事情终于发生了。故选A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全同意励志演说家兼作家约翰·麦克斯韦尔的话：“成功和不成功的人在能力上没有太大的差异，而是在发挥潜能的渴望上。”A. request要求；B. order订单；C. recommendation推荐；D. desire渴望。根据上文“And they were—because it finally __10___. I sold a book!”可知，作者经历了多次失败后才取得成功，由此可知，与不成功的人相比，成功的人更渴望发挥潜能。故选D项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活并不容易。从来没有，现在没有，将来也不会。A. sad悲伤的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. hard艰难的；D. easy容易的。根据上文“But this scenario (剧情) happened again: I wrote books...and then they wouldn’t ___7___.”可知，作者经历了多次失败后才取得成功，由此可知，作者想告诉我们生活并不容易。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但不要陷入资格陷阱，觉得自己是个失败者。A. athlete运动员；B. loser失败者；C. owner物主；D. winner获胜者。根据上文“It never was, it isn’t now, and it won’t ever be. But do not fall into the entitlement trap”可知，作者经历了多次失败后才取得成功，由此可知，作者想告诉我们即使失败多次，也不要觉得自己是个失败者。故选B项。
34．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：克服它，并与它和睦相处。A. make up编造；B. get along与……和睦相处；C. give out释放；D. pass away去世。根据句中“Get over it”可知，我们要学会面对失败，克服困难，由此可知，我们要学会与失败和睦相处，不要恐惧失败。故选B项。
35．考查名词/形容词/动词词义辨析。句意：是的，当你为得到它们而流汗时，大多数事情都会更值得。A. challenge挑战；B. demanding要求高的；C. rewarding值得做的；D. paying付费。根据句中“when you break a sweat to get them”可知，当你为获得成功而流汗时，你会发现大多数事情都是值得的，空格处应用形容词，作表语。故选C项。
四、语法填空
36．Similarly 37．has become 38．but 39．receiving 40．where 41．cultural 42．used 43．lowers 44．benefits 45．as
五、单句语法填空
46.To improve 47. reading 48. it 49. had participated 50. graduating
51.whose 52. informed 53. beneficial 54. arrived 55. recognition